面向来华留学生的中国政府奖学金政策供给效益及其优化  

The Supply Benefit and Optimization of Chinese Government Scholarship Policy for International Students

作　　者：陆晓静 姚云[2] LU Xiaojing;YAO Yun(Editorial Department of Beijing Social Sciences,Beijing Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市社会科学院《北京社会科学》编辑部,北京100101 [2]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《研究生教育研究》2024年第4期1-11,共11页Journal of Graduate Education

基　　金：贵州省哲学社会科学规划项目“贵州研究生教育规模发展空间及其质量保障机制研究”(22GZQN23)。

摘　　要：教育强国要求来华留学教育高质量发展,中国政府奖学金作为留学教育的重要政策工具,有必要探索其在提升留学生层次质量上的实际效益,明确拉力释放机理。采集2013年至2018年新获得奖学金名额的45所高校的面板数据展开研究发现,中国政府奖学金对高校留学研究生规模具有显著正向作用,尤其是学历奖学金及硕士奖学金名额正向作用明显;高校所处省域的经济发展水平、对外开放程度对高校留学研究生规模的影响受奖学金名额结构的调节;进一步分组回归发现,硕、博士奖学金名额的作用方式存在省域差异,经济发展水平高的省份,不论省域开放程度如何,发展硕士奖学金名额更为有利;而经济发展水平低的省份,尤其是具有较高开放程度的省份,更适宜发展博士奖学金名额。未来应坚定不移继续实施中国政府奖学金政策,并积极寻求政策中教育价值与政治价值的均衡;把握省域特点与政策拉力的交互关系,分类调整高校的奖学金名额结构,助力高校国际化发展。Making China strong in education requires high-quality development of international education in China.As Chinese Government Scholarship is an important policy tool for international education,it is necessary for us to explore its practical benefits in improving the level of international students and clarify the mechanism of its pull effect release.With the collected panel data from 45 universities that obtained scholarship allocations from 2013 to 2018,this research finds that Chinese Government Scholarship has a significant positive effect on the scale of international postgraduates in universities,particularly the quota for academic and master’s degree postgraduates has a significant positive effect on the development of the universities in terms of the scale of the international postgraduates;the influence of the economic development level and the degree of opening up of the province where the university is located on the scale of international postgraduates is subject to the structure of the scholarship quota;further grouping regression analysis reveals that there are differences among provinces in the way master and doctoral scholarship quotas function:provinces at a higher level of economic development,regardless of their degree of opening up,are more advantageous in developing master’s scholarship positions;while provinces at a lower level of economic development,especially those with a higher degree of opening up,are more suitable for developing more doctoral scholarship positions.In the future,we should unwaveringly continue implementing the Chinese Government Scholarship policy,actively seek the balance between the educational value and political value within the framework of the policy,grasp the interactive relationship between the characteristics of the provinces and the pull of the policy,and classify and adjust the structure of university scholarship quotas,so as to assist the universities to be more international.

关 键 词：中国政府奖学金 来华留学生 高质量发展 资助效益 分组回归 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]