中学校门前道路小汽车通学出行停车怠速排放特征分析  

Analysis of Stopped Idling Emissions Characteristics of Car School Commute Travel on Roads in Front of Secondary School

作　　者：李佳贤 陈艳艳[2] 杨晓光[1] 伍速锋 原野[1] LI Jiaxian;CHEN Yanyan;YANG Xiaoguang;WU Sufeng;YUAN Ye(The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering,Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;China Academy of Urban Planning&Design,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [2]北京工业大学北京市交通工程重点实验室,北京100124 [3]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100037

出　　处：《物流科技》2024年第15期63-69,共7页Logistics Sci-Tech

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52072264)。

摘　　要：小汽车通学出行占道停车怠速是学校门前道路交通阻塞、交通秩序混乱和尾气排放量增加的致因之一。如何有效解析小汽车通学出行占道停车怠速特征及改善其危害已成为社会高度关切的痛点及难点问题。文章以典型的北京市八一学校(中学部)东校门口苏州街小汽车通学出行车辆为研究对象,解析7:00-8:00时段小汽车通学出行停车怠速行为机理,建立怠速排放及怠速成本的计算模型,并基于调查数据定性和定量分析小汽车通学出行停车怠速排放特征。结果表明学校门前道路小汽车通学出行(即停即走)的停车怠速位置选择遵循就近原则等8种规律,平均停车怠速时长小于26s,累计停车怠速时长决定怠速排放量及怠速成本;7:00-7:30时段,学校门前一侧道路小汽车通学出行占道停车怠速导致交通阻塞。假设有效改善通学出行环境,以苏州街为例,小汽车通学出行平均停车怠速时长减少为15s,可减少41%以上的怠速排放量及怠速成本,从而有效地减少怠速排放量对学生们身体健康所造成的直接或间接的影响及危害。The car school commute travel road-occupied stopped idling is one of the causes of traffic congestion,disorderly traffic order,and increased exhaust emissions of the road in front of the school.How to effectively analyze the characteristics and improve the hazards of car school commute travel road-occupied stopped idling has become a painful and difficult problem of great social concern.The research object of this paper is the typical car school commute travel vehicles in Suzhou Street in front of the east entrance of Beijing Bayi School(secondary section);the car school commute travel stopped idling behavioral mechanisms were analyzed in 7:00—8:00 periods,the calculation models of idling emissions and idling costs were built,and the car school commute travel stopped idling emissions characteristics were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed based on survey data.The results show that the stopped idling location selection of car school commute travel(stop-immediately-and-go-immediately)on roads in front of the school follows eight rules,including the principle of proximity;the average stopped idling time is less than 26s,and the cumulative stopped idling time determines the idling emissions and idling costs.During 7:00—7:30,the car school commute travel road-occupied stopped idling leads to traffic congestion on the road in front of the school side.It is assumed that effectively improve the school commute travel environment,Suzhou Street is taken as an example;the average stopped idling time of car school commute travel is reduced to 15s,which can reduce the idling emissions and idling costs by more than 41%,thus effectively reducing the direct or indirect impacts and hazards of idling emissions on the student's health.

关 键 词：城市交通 通学出行 排放模型 停车延误 交通阻塞 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]