山西省马铃薯主产区土壤重金属含量状况评价与膳食暴露评估  

Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metal Content and Dietary Exposure in the Main Potato Production Areas of Shanxi Province

作　　者：刘俐君 王国桢 李丹 董琳 李敏 王萍 梁聪杰 何锦惠 马瑞莹 郭一 LIU Lijun;WANG Guozhen;LI Dan;DONG Lin;LI Min;WANG Ping;LIANG Congjie;HE Jinhui;MA Ruiying;GUO Yi(Inspection and Testing Center of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030025,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省检验检测中心,太原030025

出　　处：《中国无机分析化学》2024年第7期866-874,共9页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D221017);食品药品安全防控山西省重点实验室基金资助项目(202204010931006)。

摘　　要：为探明山西马铃薯种植区域土壤重金属污染状况,并对马铃薯进行重金属摄入健康风险评价。选取山西省境内马铃薯优势产业基地县(区)作为调查研究对象,用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定马铃薯产地土壤及产品中铅、镉、砷、铬、镍、铜、锌等七种重金属元素含量状况,并采用单因子指数法、内梅罗综合指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对土壤中重金属进行生态风险评价,采用目标危险系数法对马铃薯进行重金属摄入健康风险评价。结果表明,山西省马铃薯主产区土壤中7种重金属单项污染指数均小于1,综合污染指数小于0.5,潜在生态危害为轻微,土壤环境质量总体属于非污染水平,成人和儿童因食用马铃薯而摄入重金属的健康风险指数均小于1。山西省马铃薯主产区土壤中重金属污染程度较低,而马铃薯中重金属的残留对人体健康存在隐患,建议制定预防性手段,加强对马铃薯及其他蔬菜等土壤中重金属的跟踪与监测,确保农产品产地环境质量,从而确保农产品质量安全。For exploring the heavy metal pollution in the soil of potato planting areas in Shanxi,and conducting a health risk assessment of heavy metal intake in potatoes.In this study,the advantageous potato industry base counties(districts)in Shanxi was selected as research objects and analyzed the contents of seven heavy metals by ICP-MS,including Pb,Cd,As,Cr,Ni,Cu and Zn,in the soil of potato production areas and potato pruducts.The ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in soil was carried out by using single factor index method,Nemerow comprehensive index method and potential ecological harm index method.the health risk of heavy metal intake in potatoes was assessed using target hazard quotient.The results showed that the single pollution index of 7 heavy metals in soil of main potato producing areas in Shanxi province was less than 1,and the comprehensive pollution index was less than 0.5.The potential ecological harm was slight,soil environmental quality belonged to non-pollution level in general.The health risk index of heavy metals ingested by adults and children due to potato consumption was less than 1.The pollution level of heavy metals in the soil of the main potato producing areas in Shanxi province was relatively low,and the residue of heavy metals in potatoes posed a hidden danger to human health.It is recommended to develop preventive measures,strengthen the tracking and monitoring of heavy metals in soil such as potatoes and other vegetables to ensure the environmental quality of agricultural product production areas,and thus ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products.

关 键 词：马铃薯 重金属 膳食暴露 风险评估 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学]