2019-2023年台州市市售蔬菜中9种金属与类金属污染状况及健康风险评估  

Pollution status and health risk assessment of 9 metals and metalloids on sale vegetables in Taizhou City,2019-2023

作　　者：王玺 罗亚翠 张海君[1] WANG Xi;LUO Ya-cui;ZHANG Hai-jun(Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taizhou,Zhejiang 318000,China)

机构地区：[1]台州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第14期2662-2668,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解台州地区市售蔬菜中铅、镉、总汞、总砷、总铬、锰、镍、铝、铜的污染状况并进行人群健康风险评估。方法按照国家相关标准要求对2019-2023年采集的四类市售蔬菜样品中金属及类金属进行含量检测,采用单因子污染指数法(Pi)、内梅罗综合污染指数法(PM)进行污染评价,采用目标危害系数法(THQ)、总体目标危害系数法(TTHQ)进行人群健康风险评价。结果共采集四类蔬菜419份,铜与锰的检出率最高,均为100.0%,其余由高到低依次为镍(89.17%)>铝(87.26%)>镉(85.20%)>总砷(52.03%)>铅(35.32%)>铬(30.79%)>总汞(2.39%)。镉总体超标率为2.63%,超标样本集中在根茎类蔬菜,其余元素均未超标。不同类别蔬菜中铅、镉、总汞、总砷、总铬的Pi与PM均≤0.7;成人摄入四类蔬菜的TTHQ值均<1.0,儿童摄入根茎类、叶菜类蔬菜的TTHQ值均>1.0。结论台州市市售四类蔬菜中9种金属与类金属总体污染水平较低,居民经蔬菜摄入这9种金属与类金属健康风险水平可接受,但儿童摄入根茎类与叶菜类蔬菜可能会对人体健康产生负面影响。Objective To investigate the pollution status of lead,cadmium,total mercury,total arsenic,total chromium,manganese,nickel,aluminum,copper on sale vegetables in Taizhou City,and to assess the health risks to people.Methods According to the requirements of relevant national standards,detect the contents of metals and metalloids in four types of commercial vegetable samples collected from 2019 to 2023.The pollution status evaluated by single factor pollution index(Pi)and Nemerow composite pollution index(PM)method,the health risks were evaluated by both target hazard quotient(THQ)and total target hazard quotient(TTHQ).Results A total of 419 samples of four types of vegetables were collected,manganese and copper had the highest detection rate with both of 100.0%,the others from high to low were nickel(89.17%)>aluminum(87.26%)>cadmium(85.20%)>total arsenic(52.03%)>lead(35.32%)>total chromium(30.55%)>total mercury(2.39%).The overall cadmium exceeding rate was 2.63%and all concentrated in root vegetables,the other elements did not exceed the limit.The Pi and PM of lead,cadmium,total mercury,total arsenic,total chromium in different types of vegetables were all did not exceed 0.7.The TTHQ of four types of vegetables for adults were all less than 1.0,but the TTHQ were more than 1.0 while children consumed root and leafy vegetables.Conclusion The overall pollution levels of nine metals and metalloids in four categories of vegetables in Taizhou city were low,and the health risk level of these metals and metalloids in residents was acceptable.However,intake of root and leafy vegetables may have negative effects on human health in children.

关 键 词：蔬菜 金属 类金属 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]