扬州市某医院出生队列近视追踪基线调查结果分析  

Analysis of baseline survey results of myopia tracking in a birth cohort of a hospital in Yangzhou City

作　　者：王猛猛 解晔 李秋梅 孙蕾 时巧梅 赵培 蒋萌 王琦玮 胡乃元 WANG Mengmeng;XIE Ye;LI Qiumei;SUN Lei;SHI Qiaomei;ZHAO Pei;JIANG Meng;WANG Qiwei;HU Naiyuan(Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yangzhou 225001,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏扬州225001

出　　处：《中国校医》2024年第4期244-246,263,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的 了解扬州市某医院出生的小学生近视情况,分析近视发生的影响因素,为近视队列追踪提供基线数据。方法 招募2014年5月—2015年5月在扬州市某医院出生的婴儿作为研究对象,2022年3—6月采用问卷调查方式进行调查,使用室内灯箱式标准对数视力表检测所有被调查对象的双眼视力,分析近视发生的危险因素。结果 此次调查的1 472名小学生中,近视检出143人(9.71%)。单一因素检验结果表明,对于低小阶段学生的近视检出率,不同年级、不同年龄、父母是否近视、每周参加体育课是否≥3次、电子产品使用时间(≥2 h/d)、睡眠时间(≥10h)、课后写字及阅读时间(≥3 h/d)以及进行眼保健操的次数(>2次/d),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,父母近视(OR=6.998)、电子产品使用时间(≥2 h/d)(OR=2.295)、课后写字及阅读时间(≥3 h/d)(OR=1.679)是出生队列中的小学生近视发生的危险因素,眼保健操(OR=0.233)被证实是一项视力保护措施。结论 扬州市某医院出生的小学生近视进展比较快,同时近视发生与父母近视、保健操、每日电子产品使用时间、课后写字及阅读时间密切相关。Objective To investigate the myopia situation of primary school students born in a hospital in Yangzhou City,and analyze the influencing factors of myopia to provide baseline data for myopia cohort tracking.Methods In⁃fants born in a hospital in Yangzhou City from May 2014 to May 2015 were recruited as the research subjects,and question⁃naires were used from March to June 2022 to investigate the binocular visual acuity of all subjects by using an indoor light box standard logarithmic eye chart,and the risk factors for myopia were analyzed.Results Among the 1472 primary school students surveyed,143(9.71%)were found to be myopia.The results of the single⁃factor test showed that there were statisti⁃cally significant differences in the myopia detection rate of students in the lower primary school stage,including different grades,different ages,whether parents were myopia,whether they participated in physical education classes(≥3 times per week),how long they used electronic products(≥2 h/d),how long they slept(≥10 h),how long they wrote and read after class,and how many eye exercises they performed(>2 times/d)(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that parents were myopic(OR=6.998),electronic product use time(≥2h/d)(OR=2.295),after⁃school writing and reading time(≥3 h/d)(OR=1.679)was a risk factor for the development of myopia in primary school students(hereinafter referred to as primary school students)in the birth cohort,and eye exercises(OR=0.233)were shown to be a vision protection measure.Conclusion The myopia of primary school students in a hospital in Yangzhou City progressed rapidly,and the occurrence of myopia was closely related to parental myopia,health exercises,daily electronic product use time,and after⁃school writing and reading time.

关 键 词：近视 队列研究 影响因素 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]