陕甘宁边区“下南路”移民运动的三维探赜  

A Three-Dimensional Exploration of the“Go Down South”Immigration Movement in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region

作　　者：薛浩 朱新屋[2] XUE Hao;ZHU Xin-wu(School of Marxism,Xi’an University,Xi’an 710065,Shaanxi;School of Marxism,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,Fujian)

机构地区：[1]西安文理学院马克思主义学院,陕西西安710065 [2]福建师范大学马克思主义学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《延安大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期49-56,共8页Journal of Yan'an University (Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：福建省高校中青年马克思主义理论学术骨干培育计划项目“中国共产党与抗敌后援会研究(1937-1945)——基于政治动员的研究视角”(JSG2022007)。

摘　　要：清末民初,由于战乱、灾荒以及由此导致的人口分布差异,一条从陕北北部向南部迁移的路线即“下南路”逐渐形成,这种自发而又零散的移民活动一直延续到抗战时期。在陕甘宁边区应对财政危机开展大生产运动的背景下,中共中央及其领导下的边区政府因应时势,逐步完善移民政策,将自发、零散的“下南路”移民活动变为有组织、有计划的政府行为,并同群众密切结合而发展成为一场轰轰烈烈的群众运动。就此而言,抗战时期陕甘宁边区“下南路”移民运动的兴起是历史传统、现实矛盾及政策支持等多方面因素叠加的结果,在合理调配劳动力、提高农业生产力、改善人民生活水平等方面发挥了重要作用。In the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China,due to the war,the famine and the resulting differences in population distribution,a migration route from the north of northern Shaanxi to the south,known as the“Go Down South”gradually formed.This spontaneous and scattered immigration activity continued until the Anti-Japanese War period.Under the background of the large-scale production movement in response to the financial crisis in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and its government under the leadership of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region had timely responded to the situation,gradually improved immigration policies,transformed spontaneous and scattered the“Go Down South”immigration activities into organized and planned government actions,and closely combined with the masses to develop into an influential mass movement.In this regard,the rise of the“Go Down South”immigration movement in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region during the Anti-Japanese War was the result of a combination of historical traditions,practical contradictions,and policy support.It played an important role in rationally allocating labor force,improving agricultural productivity,and improving people’s living standards.

关 键 词：陕甘宁边区 “下南路” 移民 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]