行政诉讼的二审裁判及其具体适用——《行政诉讼法》第八十九条评注  

The Second Instance Judgment in Administrative Litigation and Its Specific Application

作　　者：赵宏[1] Zhao Hong

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《法治社会》2024年第4期14-28,共15页Law-Based Society

摘　　要：现行《行政诉讼法》第八十九条是有关二审裁判的规定,其相较1989年《行政诉讼法》第六十一条做了较大修改与完善。二审裁判根据其针对的是一审判决还是裁定区分为两类,前者的裁判类型包括驳回上诉维持原判、撤销原判依法改判、发回重审以及作为例外的裁定驳回起诉;而后者的裁判类型则包括维持和撤销变更原裁定两类。二审裁判的适用标准关联二审的审查方式和审查范围,同样参考了提高二审监督能力的现实考虑。禁止不利变更原则虽未明确写入《行政诉讼法》中,但其不仅适用于变更判决,同样适用于二审裁判。二审裁判具有终局效果,但其既判力的拘束程度又取决于再审事由的判断,取决于实质正义与法安定性的价值权衡。Article 89 of the current Administrative Procedure Law is the provision related to the second instance judgment,which has been significantly revised and improved compared to Article 61 of the 1989 Administrative Procedure Law.The second instance judgment can be divided into two categories based on whether it pertains to a first-instance judgment or ruling.The former category includes dismissing the appeal and affirming the original judgment,reversing the original judgment and rendering a new judgment according to law,remanding the case for retrial,and as an exception,dismissing the prosecution by ruling.The latter category,on the other hand,encompasses maintaining and reversing or amending the original ruling.The applicable standards for the second instance judgment are related to the mode and scope of review in the second instance,and also take into account the practical consideration of enhancing the supervisory capacity of the second instance.Although the principle of prohibition of unfavorable change is not explicitly written into the Administrative Procedure Law,it applies not only to the judgment of alteration but also to the second instance judgment.The second instance judgment has a final effect,but the extent of its res judicata binding force depends on the judgment of the grounds for retrial and the value balance between substantive justice and legal stability.

关 键 词：二审裁判 全面审查 维持原判 依法改判 发回重审 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]