增升装置缝翼噪声机理与控制研究进展  

Review of slat noise mechanism and control in high-lift devices

作　　者：魏人可 刘宇 WEI Renke;LIU Yu(Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China;Key Laboratory of Aerodynamic Noise Control,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]南方科技大学力学与航空航天工程系,深圳518055 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心气动噪声控制重点实验室,绵阳621000

出　　处：《实验流体力学》2024年第3期20-37,共18页Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(92052105,12272163);气动噪声控制重点实验室开放课题(ANCL20200102)。

摘　　要：在飞机着陆过程中,增升装置中的缝翼是机体气动噪声的重要噪声源。近几十年来,国内外研究者针对缝翼噪声开展了大量风洞试验研究,对其噪声特性和机理已有深入认识,并在流动控制和降噪技术方面进行了诸多尝试。本文综述分析了二维翼型缝翼噪声风洞试验研究方面的主要进展,介绍了3种缝翼噪声成分(低频宽频噪声、高频离散纯音噪声和低频离散纯音噪声)的产生机理。缝翼噪声控制主要有3类思路:第一类是以凹腔填充为代表的整流方法,通过消除或限制回流的产生控制噪声,效果最为显著;第二类是在缝翼尖端干扰剪切层内相干结构的形成;第三类则是从工程可行性出发,通过优化缝道和缝翼结构参数或采用前缘下垂等新构型来控制噪声。未来研究需进一步借助先进测试手段和试验方案,深入认识缝翼凹腔剪切层流动的流声耦合及其与缝翼尾缘相互作用等复杂现象,以获得更为高效的噪声控制技术。During aircraft landing,the slat of high-lift devices is an important source of airframe aerodynamic noise.In recent decades,a large number of wind tunnel tests on slat noise have been carried out domestically and abroad.A deep understanding has been achieved on the characteristics and mechanisms of slat noise,and many attempts have been made in flow control and noise reduction technologies.Slat noise mainly includes low-frequency broadband noise,low-frequency discrete tonal noise,and high-frequency tonal noise.In this paper,the main research progress of wind tunnel testing on two-dimensional airfoil slat noise is reviewed and analyzed,and the generation mechanisms of the three slat noise components are introduced in detail.There are three main categories of control methods for slat noise.The first is the fairing method represented by the slat cove filler,which removes or limits the generation of recirculation flow and hence significantly reduces noise.The second is applied at the slat cusp to interfere with the formation of coherent structures in the shear layer.From the perspective of engineering feasibility,the third category is to optimize the slat slot and structural parameters or to adopt new configurations with leading edge droop as an example.In summary,in order to achieve efficient noise control technologies,it is necessary to deeply understand the complex phenomena in the shear layer flow of the slat cove,such as the fluid-acoustic coupling and its interference with the slat trailing edge,through advanced testing methods and experimental schemes.

关 键 词：增升装置 缝翼噪声 噪声机理 噪声控制 

分 类 号：V211[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] TB533.2[理学—物理]