透过“‘占有’概念语义丛”看“占有”的遮蔽与澄明——基于MEGA^(2)《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的研究  

Obscuration and Clarification of “Possession” Through “the Semantic Cluster of the Concept of ‘Possession’”:A Study Based on MEGA^(2)'s Economic & Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844

作　　者：程华 刘炜杰 CHENG Hua;LIU Weijie(School of Marxism,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China;School of Marxism,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学马克思主义学院,广东广州510642 [2]华中科技大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期39-50,共12页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：在MEGA^(2)《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中,“Haben”“Besitz”“Eigentum”“bemachtigen”“Aneignung”等共同构成了一个错综相连的“‘占有’概念语义丛”,通过对其进行细致的语义分析,“占有”概念逐渐从遮蔽走向澄明。“占有”的遮蔽具体体现为两条线索:一是占有的私人化,二是占有的名词化。“Eigentum”标志着“占有”抵达遮蔽至深处,此时占有表现为抽象的所有权,由此招致从“物的异化”到“人的异化”的全面异化。“Aneignung”作为对“Eigentum”的扬弃,则标志着“占有”的澄明,它具体表现为“社会共同占有对象”与“人全面占有自身”两个方面:一是占有主体被规定为“社会自为主体”,二是占有对象被规定为人自身的社会性本质,两者共同构成了共产主义占有方式的本质,人在现实的历史活动中实现了个人与社会、主体性与对象性的辩证统一。In MEGA^(2)'s Economic & Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844,a semantic cluster of the concept of “possession” is consist of “Haben” “Besitz” “Eigentum” “bemachtigen”“Aneignung”,etc.The concept of “possession” is gradually moving from obscurity to clarity through careful semantic analysis.The obscurity of “possession” is manifested in two clues:first,the privatization of possession,and second,the nominalization of possession.“Eigentum” marks the arrival of “possession” at the depth of alienation,at which time possession is understood as abstract ownership,which leads to a total alienation from the “alienation of things” to the “alienation of man”.As the abandonment of Eigentum,“Aneignung” marks the clarification of possession.It is expressed in the dimensions of “social common possession” and “man's full possession of himself”,in which the subject of possession is defined as the “social subject”,the object of possession is understood as the social nature of man himself,thus realizing the dialectical unity of individual and society,objectivity and subjectivity.

关 键 词：MEGA^(2) 《1844年经济学哲学手稿》 占有 异化 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]