发酵饲料和湿拌料对断奶仔猪生长性能、抗氧化能力及肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of Fermented Feed and Wet Mixed Feed on Growth Performance,Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Microflora of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：郭振兴 韦良开 谢仁杰 刘洋 甘海清 李宏坤 姚汉兴 王晓明[3] 罗国升 邓敦[3] 黄兴国[1] GUO Zhenxing;WEI Liangkai;XIE Renjie;LIU Yang;GAN Haiqing;LI Hongkun;YAO Hanxing;WANG Xiaoming;LUO Guosheng;DENG Dun;HUANG Xingguo(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410125,China;Animal Nutrition Laboratory,Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Changsha 410131,China;Tangrenshen Group Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412000,China;Hunan Perfly Biotech Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410005,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410125 [2]湖南省畜牧兽医研究所动物营养研究室,长沙410131 [3]唐人神集团股份有限公司,株洲412000 [4]湖南普菲克生物科技有限公司,长沙410005

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第7期4258-4270,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划科技型中小企业项目(2023YFD1302700);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U20A2055)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究发酵饲料和湿拌料对断奶仔猪生长性能、抗氧化能力及肠道菌群的影响。选取144头21日龄的三元杂交(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪,平均体重为(5.21±0.11)kg,随机分为3组,即对照组(CON组)、发酵饲料组(FLF组)和湿拌料组(WF组),每组6个重复,每个重复8头猪。试验期28 d。第1阶段(试验第1~14天),CON组饲喂基础饲粮Ⅰ,FLF组将基础饲粮Ⅰ和液体发酵饲料以3∶1的比例搅拌后(FLF组试验饲粮的含水量为23%)饲喂,WF组将基础饲粮Ⅰ与一定量的水搅拌后(WF组试验饲粮的含水量与FLF组保持一致)饲喂;第2阶段(试验第15~28天),各组均饲喂基础饲粮Ⅱ。结果显示:1)试验第1~14天,FLF组的平均日增重(ADG)与平均日采食量(ADFI)显著低于CON组(P<0.05),料重比(F/G)则显著高于CON组(P<0.05);试验第15~28天,FLF组的ADG与ADFI极显著高于CON组和WF组(P<0.01),F/G则极显著低于CON组和WF组(P<0.01),腹泻率极显著低于CON组(P<0.01);试验第1~28天,FLF组的ADG极显著高于CON组和WF组(P<0.01),F/G则极显著低于CON组和WF组(P<0.01),WF组的ADG和ADFI极显著低于CON组(P<0.01),FLF组和WF组的腹泻率显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。2)试验第14天,与CON组和WF组相比,FLF组血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著提高(P<0.05);试验第28天,与CON组相比,FLF组血清丙二醛(MDA)和甘油三酯(TG)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),血清总蛋白(TP)含量和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著提高(P<0.05),WF组血清T-AOC和CAT活性均极显著提高(P<0.01)。3)FLF组的Simpson指数极显著高于CON组(P<0.01),Ace指数、Shannon指数、Chao指数极显著低于CON组和WF组(P<0.01);WF组的Simpson指数极显著高于CON组(P<0.01),Ace指数和Chao指数极显著低于CON组(P<0.01)。4)在门水平上,FLF组的优势菌门主要是厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria);在属水平上,狭义梭菌属1(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1)和放线杆菌属(Actinobacillus)是FLF组的主要优势菌属。综上所述,试�This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fermented feed and wet mixed feed on the growth performance,antioxidant capacity and intestinal microflora of weaned piglets.One hundred and forty-four 21-day-old three-way crossbred(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)weaned piglets with an average body weight of(5.21±0.11)kg,they were randomly divided into 3 groups[control group(CON group),fermented feed group(FLF group)and wet mixed feed group(WF group)],with 6 replicates per group and 8 pigs per replicate.The experiment period was 28 days.The 1st stage(from days 1 to 14),the CON group was fed a basal dietⅠ,the FLF group was fed the mixture of basal dietⅠ+liquid fermented feed(the ratio of them was 3∶1)with the water content of 23%,and the WF group was fed the basal dietⅠwith a certain amount of water after stirring(the water content of the experimental diet in WF group was consistent with that in FLF group);the 2nd stage(from days 15 to 28),each group was fed a basal dietⅡ.The results showed as follows:1)from days 1 to 14 of the experiment,the average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)in FLF group were significantly lower than those in CON group(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)in FLF group was significantly higher than that in CON group(P<0.05).From days 15 to 28 of the experiment,the ADFI and ADG in FLF group were extremely significantly higher than those in CON group and WF group(P<0.01),the F/G in FLF group was extremely significantly lower than that in CON group(P<0.01),and the diarrhea rate in FLF group was extremely significantly lower than that in CON group(P<0.01).From days 1 to 28 of the experiment,the ADG in FLF group was extremely significantly higher than that in CON group and WF group(P<0.01),and the F/G was extremely significantly lower than that in CON group and WF group(P<0.01);compared with the CON group,the ADG and ADFI in WF group were extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the diarrhea rate in FLF group and WF group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).

关 键 词：发酵饲料 湿拌料 断奶仔猪 生长性能 抗氧化能力 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]