发酵杜仲叶粉对育雏期三穗鸭生长性能、肠道发育及血浆生化指标的影响  

Effects of Fermented Eucommia ulmoides Leaf Powder on Growth Performance,Intestinal Development and Plasma Biochemical Indexes of Sansui Ducks during Brooding Period

作　　者：钱佳璇 冯宇隆 韩雪 庞凯悦 吴佳海[2] 赵懿琛 QIAN Jiaxuan;FENG Yulong;HAN Xue;PANG Kaiyue;WU Jiahai;ZHAO Yichen(Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education),College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院,山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,贵阳550005

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第7期4365-4374,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：黔农科院青年基金(〔2022〕02号);黔农科院人才专项(〔2022〕02号);国家水禽产业技术体系贵阳综合试验站(CARS-42-53)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究发酵杜仲叶粉(FEL)对育雏期三穗鸭生长性能、肠道发育及血浆生化指标的影响。选取体重相近、健康的7日龄三穗鸭384只,随机分成4组,每组8个重复,每个重复12只鸭。对照组、试验1组、试验2组和试验3组饲粮中FEL添加水平分别为0、1%、2%和3%,各组饲粮营养水平一致。试验期为28 d。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加2%的FEL可极显著提高平均日采食量(P<0.01);饲粮中添加1%~3%的FEL可提高平均日增重(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1%的FEL能够显著增加空肠肌层厚度(P<0.05);饲粮中添加2%的FEL能够显著增加空肠绒毛高度(P<0.05);饲粮中添加3%的FEL能够显著降低十二指肠隐窝深度(P<0.05);饲粮中添加1%~3%的FEL能够显著增加十二指肠肌层厚度(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1%的FEL能够极显著降低血浆白蛋白(ALB)含量以及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性(P<0.01);饲粮中添加1%~2%的FEL能够显著或极显著降低血浆天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)活性(P<0.05或P<0.01);饲粮中添加1%~3%的FEL能够极显著降低血浆碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性(P<0.01);饲粮中添加1%~3%的FEL能够极显著降低血浆甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)含量(P<0.01);饲粮中添加2%~3%的FEL能够极显著升高血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量(P<0.01);饲粮中添加1%的FEL显著降低血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1%的FEL可显著提高空肠过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P<0.05);饲粮中添加2%~3%的FEL可显著提高空肠谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加发酵杜仲叶粉能够提高育雏期三穗鸭的平均日采食量,改善肠道形态结构,促进肠道发育,提高机体抗氧化能力,保护肝脏健康,在本试验条件下的适宜添加水平为1%~2%。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaf powder(FEL)on the growth performance,intestinal development and plasma biochemical indexes of Sansui ducks during brooding period.A total of 384 healthy one-day-old Sansui ducks with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 12 ducks per replicate.The addition levels of FEL in the diets of control group,test group 1,test group 2 and test group 3 were 0,1%,2%and 3%,respectively,and the nutrient levels of the diets were the same among the groups.The test period was 28 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the addition of 2%FEL in the diet could extremely significantly increase the average daily feed intake(P<0.051),and the addition of 1%to 3%FEL in the diet could increase the average daily weight gain(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the addition of 1%FEL in the diet could significantly increase the jejunal muscular thickness(P<0.05),the addition of 2%FEL in the diet could significantly increase the jejunal villus height(P<0.05),the addition of 3%FEL in the diet could significantly decrease the duodenal crypt depth(P<0.05),and the addition of 1%to 3%FEL in the diet could significantly increase the duodenal muscular thickness(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the plasma albumin(ALB)content and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity were extremely significantly reduced by adding 1%FEL to the diet(P<0.01),the plasma aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and glutamyltransferase(GGT)activities were significantly or extremely significantly reduced by adding 1%to 2%FEL to the diet(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the plasma alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity was extremely significantly reduced by adding 1%to 3%FEL to the diet(P<0.01),the plasma triglyceride(TG)and total cholesterol(TC)contents were extremely significantly reduced by adding 1%to 3%FEL to the diet(P<0.01),and the plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)content was extremely s

关 键 词：发酵杜仲叶粉 三穗鸭 生长性能 肠道发育 抗氧化指标 血浆生化指标 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]