四川不同产区菜籽粕营养成分差异研究  

Study on Nutritional Component Difference of Rapeseed Meals inDifferent Producing Areas of Sichuan

作　　者：李双江 张朕 李哲 刘光芒[1,2] 赵华 贾刚[1,2] 田刚 蔡景义[1,2] LI Shuangjiang;ZHANG Zhen;LI Zhe;LIU Guangmang;ZHAO Hua;JIA Gang;TIAN Gang;CAI Jingyi(Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition,Ministry of Education,Animal Nutrition Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition,Sichuan Province,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室,成都611130 [2]动物抗病营养四川省重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第7期4751-4760,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：四川省科技计划(2021ZDZX0009)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在对四川不同产区菜籽粕营养成分进行对比研究。试验从四川地区具有菜籽粕生产许可证的21家企业中按不同产区(四川东部、四川南部、四川北部和四川中部)选取17家(东部3家、南部3家、北部7家、中部4家),每家采集3份样品;另从3个饲料生产厂家采集加拿大进口菜籽粕,每个厂家取样3份,分别测定其常规营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸和抗营养因子含量。结果表明:1)四川地区菜籽粕主要成分含量为粗蛋白质(CP)41.07%、总能(GE)17.58 MJ/kg、粗纤维(CF)14.76%、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)52.65%、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)35.12%、赖氨酸(Lys)1.11%、蛋氨酸(Met)0.34%、胱氨酸(Cys)0.53%、色氨酸(Trp)0.37%、苏氨酸(Thr)1.41%、芥酸13.82%、硫代葡萄糖苷(GS)51.00μmol/g、异硫氰酸酯(ITC)0.20 mg/g。2)四川地区菜籽粕CP、钙(Ca)、Lys、Trp和Cys含量及GE显著低于加拿大菜籽粕(P<0.05),CF、NDF、ADF、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)、粗灰分(Ash)、芥酸、亚麻酸和GS含量显著高于加拿大菜籽粕(P<0.05)。3)四川不同产区之间菜籽粕大部分常规营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、GS和ITC含量均无显著差异(P>0.05),但GE及Ash、淀粉、Ca、总磷(TP)、Met含量存在较大差异。综上所述,四川地区菜籽粕属于高芥酸和高GS的“双高”品质,不同产区菜籽粕营养成分存在一定差异。The purpose of this study was to compare the nutritional component difference of rapeseed meals in different producing areas of Sichuan.A total of 17 rapeseed meal production enterprises(3 in the east,3 in the south,7 in the north and 4 in the center)were selected from 21 enterprises with rapeseed meal production licenses in Sichuan province according to different producing areas(eastern Sichuan,southern Sichuan,northern Sichuan and central Sichuan),and 3 samples were collected from each.In addition,the rapeseed meal imported from Canada was collected from 3 feed manufacturers,and 3 samples were taken from each factory to determine the contents of conventional nutrients,amino acids,fatty acids and anti-nutritional factors.The results showed as follows:1)the main components of rapeseed meals in Sichuan were 41.07%crude protein(CP),17.58 MJ/kg gross energy(GE),14.76%crude fiber(CF),52.65%neutral detergent fiber(NDF),35.12%acid detergent fiber(ADF),1.11%lysine(Lys),0.34%methionine(Met),0.53%cysteine(Cys),0.37%tryptophan(Trp),1.41%threonine(Thr),13.82%erucic acid,51.00μmol/g glucosinolide(GS),and 0.20 mg/g isothiocyanate(ITC).2)The contents of CP,calcium(Ca),Lys,Trp and Cys as well as GE in rapeseed meals in Sichuan were significantly lower than those in Canadian rapeseed meal(P<0.05),while the contents of CF,NDF,ADF,acid detergent lignin(ADL),crude ash(Ash),erucic acid,linolenic acid and GS were significantly higher than those in Canadian rapeseed meal(P<0.05).3)There were no significant differences in the contents of most conventional nutrients,amino acids,fatty acids,GS and ITC in rapeseed meals among different producing areas in Sichuan(P>0.05),but there were differences in GE and the contents of Ash,starch,Ca,total phosphorus(TP)and Met.In conclusion,the rapeseed meals in Sichuan belong to the“double high”quality of high erucic acid and high GS,and there are certain differences in the nutritional components of rapeseed meals in different producing areas.

关 键 词：四川地区 菜籽粕 常规营养成分 氨基酸 脂肪酸 抗营养因子 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]