从诃梨勒到诃子:中印文化交流视域下的本草“中国化”  

The Transformation from Haritaki to Chebule:The“Sinicization”of Materia Medica from the Perspective of Sino-Indian Cultural Communication

作　　者：陈宪良 CHEN Xian-liang(Institute of Chinese Unearthed Medical Literatures and Relics,Chengdu University of TCM,Chengdu 610075,Sichuan)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学中国出土医学文献与文物研究院,四川成都610075

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期53-65,共13页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中外交流视域下的本草研究——以汉魏至隋唐为中心”(21BZS139);四川省哲学社会科学重点研究基地中国出土医学文献与文物研究中心重点项目“敦煌写卷中的外来药物及其文化研究”(CTWX2211)。

摘　　要：诃梨勒作为一味产自印度、伊朗等地的果药,经由丝绸之路上的胡商、胡僧从海陆两种途径进入中国。经过中医吸收与创新,来自域外的诃梨勒不仅化身为中医治病救人的常用方剂药诃子,而且还融进先民的宗教、饮食、染色等日常生活,丰富了中原地区人们的生活。就物质文化内涵而言,因为诃梨勒融入了历史、文化、宗教等诸多元素,所以其早已超越药材本身的价值,成为丝绸之路以及中印文化交流史上具有特别意义的物质文化符号,充分体现了中华优秀传统文化对外来事物强大的吸纳与创新能力,是为中印文化交流的一个缩影。As a fruit medicine produced in India,Iran and other places,haritaki was taken to China by Hu merchants and Hu monks along the Maritime and Land Silk Road.Absorbed and innovated by the traditional Chinese medicine,haritaki not only became a common prescription for healing and saving people in traditional Chinese medicine,but also integrated into the daily lives of ancient people such as religion,diet and dyeing.As far as the material and cultural connotations are concerned,haritaki has integrated many historical,cultural and religious factors,and surpassed the values of medicinal materials themselves,becoming a material and cultural symbol of special significance in the history of the Silk Road and Sino-Indian cultural exchanges.It fully embodies the strong ability of the Chinese excellent traditional culture to absorb and renew foreign things,and becomes a microcosm of Sino-Indian cultural exchanges.

关 键 词：诃梨勒 中医医药 丝绸之路 敦煌写卷 佛教医学 弘法僧医 

分 类 号：K242[历史地理—历史学] R282[历史地理—中国史] G125[医药卫生—中药学]