周调节水库库周消落带治理试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Treatment of Water-level-fluctuation Zone around the Reservoir with Weekly Regulation Capability

作　　者：吴开帅 施家月 周武 许明珠 汤优敏 WU Kaishuai;SHI Jiayue;ZHOU Wu;XU Mingzhu;TANG Youmin(PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited,Hangzhou 311122,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310023,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,浙江杭州311122 [2]浙江省环境科技有限公司,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《水力发电》2024年第8期1-4,10,共5页Water Power

摘　　要：水电站蓄水运行后,水库调度引起水位波动,库周产生消落区。水库消落区生境,尤其是周调节水库,水体与陆地间频繁切换,难以形成稳定的生物群落,治理难度较大。以苗尾水电站库区消落区治理作为案例研究,选择适宜的消落区开展工程试验,并在试验后进行观测,总结出消落带适宜治理相关范围在水库常水位一米变幅范围内,耐水淹的植物品种有云南柳、旱柳、落羽杉、菖蒲、芦苇、狗牙根等,消落带治理提高了消落区生境多样性,增加消落区景观异质性,最终增加消落区生态系统多样性和稳定性。After the operation of hydropower stations,the reservoir scheduling will cause water level fluctuation,which will generate a subsidence zone around the reservoir.The habitats in the water-level-fluctuation zone,especially weekly regulation reservoirs,are difficult to manage because of the frequent switching between water and land,which makes it difficult to form stable biological communities.This study takes Miaowei Hydropower Station as a case study,suitable water-level-fluctuation zones are selected to carry out engineering tests,and the observations are conducted after the tests.It is concluded that the relevant range of suitable water-level-fluctuation zone is within the range of one meter variation of the reservoir s normal water level,and the plant species that are resistant to flooding include Salix cavaleriei Levl,Salix matsudana Koidzumi,Taxodium distichum,Acorus calamus,Phragmites australis and Cynodon dactylon.The treatment of water-level-fluctuation zone improves the diversity of habitats in the water-level-fluctuation zone,increases the heterogeneity of the landscape of water-level-fluctuation zone,and ultimately increases the ecosystem diversity and stability of water-level-fluctuation zone.

关 键 词：周调节水库 消落带 植物 生态治理 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]