钻爆法公路隧道防排水技术发展综述  

Development Review on Waterproof and Drainage Technology for Drill-and-blast Highway Tunnel

作　　者：晏长根[1] 欧运起 李富春 尹培杰 来弘鹏[1] YAN Chang-gen;OU Yun-qi;LI Fu-chun;YIN Pei-jie;LAI Hong-peng(School of Highway,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710064,China;Hebei Provincial Communications Planning Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050011,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [2]河北省交通规划设计研究院有限公司,河北石家庄050011

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2024年第6期156-164,共9页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51978064);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1520601);甘肃省科技厅重点研发计划项目(21YF5FA002);甘肃省交通运输厅科技项目(2023-12)。

摘　　要：为研究钻爆法公路隧道防排水技术的发展趋势和未来方向,系统梳理了防排水技术的发展历程、技术要求、设计施工和维护技术等内容,并对需要关注的问题及下一步发展方向进行展望。结果表明:按照隧道建设的技术发展水平,防排水技术可划分为圬工时代和后混凝土时代,已实现原则指导、设计优化、材料革新、施工控制、标准保障及运营维护的基本构架;中国在新修订的规范中增补了隧道渗漏水量化标准,使防水等级规定更具客观性、科学性;从防排水系统构造形式的对比情况看,控制排水型隧道能兼顾隧道衬砌水压力和维护隧道区生态平衡等多方面需求;钻爆法隧道防排水技术虽然增加了一些可维护性设计,但仍以功能性设计为主,且现有技术难以满足防排水系统的维护需求。应当注意:防排水技术是一个系统性问题,需要建立基于全寿命周期的建管养一体化防排水体系,并对防排水系统选型和控制型防排水技术进行系统性研究,通过对全寿命周期内隧道排水的环境影响进行分析评价,确定合理的防排水构造型式;另外,需加强防排水系统优化及新工艺研究,加快新型防排水材料的开发;同时要加强维护技术研究,尤其是可维护性技术和修复性技术研究。To study the development trend and future direction of waterproof and drainage technology for highway tunnel with drilling and blasting method,the development process,technical requirements,design,construction and maintenance of waterproof and drainage technology were summarized.The problems need to be paid attention to and the next development direction were prospected.The result shows that according to the technical development level of tunnel construction,the waterproof and drainage technology can be divided into masonry era and post-concrete era,has realized the basic framework of principle guidance,design optimization,material innovation,construction control,standard guarantee and operation and maintenance.In the newly revised specification in China,the quantitative standard of tunnel leakage water is added to make the waterproof grade more objective and scientific.From the comparison of the structural forms of the waterproof and drainage system,the controlled drainage tunnel can take into account the water pressure of the tunnel lining and the maintenance of the ecological balance of the tunnel area.Although the drilling and blasting tunnel waterproof and drainage technology has added some maintainability design,it is still mainly based on functional design,and the existing technology is difficult to meet the maintenance needs of the waterproof and drainage system.It should be noted that Waterproof and drainage technology is a systematic problem.It is necessary to establish an integrated waterproof and drainage system based on the whole life cycle,and to systematically study the selection of waterproof and drainage system and controlled waterproof and drainage technology.Through the analysis and evaluation of environmental impact of drainage in the whole life cycle,the reasonable waterproof and drainage design type is determined.In addition,it is necessary to strengthen the study on the optimization of waterproof and drainage system and new technology,and accelerate the development of new waterproof and dra

关 键 词：隧道工程 防排水技术 综述 防排水系统构造形式 维护技术 

分 类 号：U453.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]