水压致裂地应力测试在山区隧道勘察中的应用  

Hydrofracturing Ground Stress Testing in Tunnel Survey in Mountainous Area

作　　者：唐辉 张瑞松 孙凯 Tang Hui;Zhang Ruisong;Sun Kai(China Jikan Research Institute of Engineering Investigations and Design,Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi Pro-vincial Key Laboratory of Special Geotechnical Properties and Processing,Xi'an 710043,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]机械工业勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710043 [2]陕西省特殊岩土性质与处理重点实验室,陕西西安710043

出　　处：《岩土工程技术》2024年第4期465-470,共6页Geotechnical Engineering Technique

摘　　要：深埋隧道的线路布设和围岩稳定性受制于地应力条件。水压致裂法是目前普遍使用且成熟的深埋隧道地应力测试方法。通过采用水压致裂法对华东山区某隧道原位地应力进行测试,取得了最大、最小水平主应力等力学参数,分析了地应力特征,为隧道线路布设和围岩岩爆预测提供数据支撑。研究表明:隧道水平主应力随埋深线性增加,地应力类型由浅到深分别发育逆冲型应力和走滑型应力2种应力类型,隧道埋深处最大水平主应力的优势方向与区域地质构造应力方向一致,最大水平主应力与隧道走向夹角小于最优夹角,对围岩稳定性有一定影响;围岩岩爆风险整体上随深度的增加而增加,研究隧道埋深处围岩可能有轻微岩爆现象,应采取相关措施及时释放围岩地应力,以保证施工安全。研究结果对今后山区油气管道、交通运输等工程建设的勘察、规划设计提供参考。The layout of deep buried tunnels and the stability of surrounding rocks are closely related to ground stress conditions.The hydraulic fracturing method is a widely used and mature in-situ stress testing method for deep-buried tunnels.The hydraulic fracturing method was used to test the in-situ ground stress of a tunnel in East China mountainous area,and the maximum and minimum horizontal principal stress and other mechanical parameters were obtained,the characteristics of ground stress were analyzed,which can provide a scientific basis for the layout of tunnel lines and the prediction of rock burst in the surrounding rock.The research showed that the horizontal principal stress of the tunnel increases linearly with the buried depth,and two stress types of thrust stress and strikeslip stress were developed from shallow to deep,respectively.The dominant direction of the maximum horizontal principal stress in the buried depth of the tunnel is consistent with the direction of regional geological tectonic stress,and the angle between the maximum horizontal principal stress and the tunnel strike is less than the optimal angle,which has a certain impact on the stability of surrounding rock.The rock burst risk of surrounding rock increases with the increase of depth,there may be slight rock burst in the surrounding rock at the depth of the tunnel,and relevant measures should be taken to release the ground stress of surrounding rock in time to ensure the construction safety.The research results provide a certain technical reference for the survey,planning,and design of oil and gas pipelines,transportation,and other engineering construction in mountainous areas in the future.

关 键 词：深埋隧道 水压致裂法 地应力 围岩岩爆 

分 类 号：U452[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]