高速铁路车辆-轨道垂向耦合振动分析  

Analysis of Vertical Coupling Vibration of High Speed Railway Vehicle-Track System

作　　者：张彦博 刘秀波 魏剑梅 陈茁 ZHANG Yanbo;LIU Xiubo;WEI Jianmei;CHEN Zhuo(Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Infrastructure Inspection Research Institute,CARS,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研究生部,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基础设施检测研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2024年第7期1-6,共6页Railway Engineering

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(K2022T002)。

摘　　要：基于周期性结构振动理论,分别建立无砟轨道有限元模型和车辆-无砟轨道有限元耦合动力学模型。通过模拟锤击试验,分析了车辆耦合作用对轨道振动特性的影响,研究轨道长度、扣件刚度、扣件阻尼、扣件间距、轮对位置和转向架轴距对轨道振动特性的影响。结果表明:钢轨采用梁单元模型可以准确反映出Pinned-Pinned共振特征;无车辆耦合作用时,轨道出现了199 Hz的轨道一阶垂向弯曲共振峰和由周期性支撑导致的966 Hz的Pinned-Pinned共振峰,扣件阻尼、轨道长度和扣件间距基本不会影响轨道一阶垂向弯曲共振频率,扣件阻尼和刚度基本不会影响Pinned-Pinned共振频率,轨道长度大于42.9 m后轨道长度对Pinned-Pinned共振频率影响较小,扣件间距是影响Pinned-Pinned共振频率的关键因素,扣件刚度是影响轨道一阶垂向弯曲共振频率的关键因素;车辆耦合作用会影响轨道振动特性,轨道出现了P2共振峰和二阶—五阶垂向弯曲共振峰,扣件阻尼、扣件刚度、轮对加载位置和扣件间距对该5阶共振频率的影响不大,转向架轴距是影响该5阶共振频率的关键因素。Based on the theory of periodic structural vibration,the finite element models of ballastless track and vehicle-ballastless track finite element coupling dynamic models were established separately.By simulating hammer impact tests,the influence of vehicle coupling on track vibration characteristics was analyzed,and the effects of track length,fastener stiffness,fastener damping,fastener spacing,wheelset position,and bogie wheelbase on track vibration characteristics were studied.The results indicate that using a beam element model for rails can accurately reflect the Pinned-Pinned resonance characteristics.When there is no vehicle coupling effect,the track exhibits a 199 Hz first-order vertical bending resonance peak and a 966 Hz Pinned-Pinned resonance peak caused by periodic support.The damping of the fasteners,the length of the track,and the spacing between fasteners do not significantly affect the first-order vertical bending resonance frequency of the track.The damping and stiffness of the fasteners do not significantly affect the Pinned-Pinned resonance frequency.When the length of the track is greater than 42.9 m,the length of the track has little effect on the Pinned-Pinned resonance frequency.The spacing between fasteners is the key factor affecting the Pinned-Pinned resonance frequency,while the stiffness of the fasteners is the key factor affecting the first-order vertical bending resonance frequency of the track.The coupling effect of vehicles will affect the vibration characteristics of the track.The track exhibits P2 resonance peak and second order to fifth order vertical bending resonance peak.The damping,stiffness,wheelset loading position,and spacing of the fasteners have little effect on the 5 orders of resonance frequencies.The wheelbase of the bogie is the key factor affecting the 5 orders of resonance frequencies.

关 键 词：高速铁路 轨道 振动特性 车辆-无砟轨道耦合模型 频响函数 

分 类 号：U213.42[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]