轨底坡耦合车轮动态型面下地铁轮轨接触特性  

Subway Wheel-Rail Contact Characteristics Under Wheel Dynamic Profile and Rail Cant Coupling Action

作　　者：朱爱华[1] 李嘉祺 孟宇轩 杨建伟[1] 白堂博 ZHU Aihua;LI Jiaqi;MENG Yuxuan;YANG Jianwei;BAI Tangbo(Beijing Key Laboratory of Service Performance Guarantee of Urban Railway Vehicles,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市轨道交通车辆服役性能保障北京市重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2024年第7期50-56,共7页Railway Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52272385);北京市自然科学基金(L211007)。

摘　　要：为探究地铁车轮型面动态变化与轨底坡设置的关系,跟踪测试了运行里程5万、8万、14万公里车轮磨耗型面,研究轨底坡耦合车轮动态型面时的轮轨接触特性;以车辆动力学理论为依据,根据实测地铁车辆参数,建立了车辆系统动力学模型;基于轮轨接触几何关系和非赫兹滚动接触理论,建立了轮轨滚动接触计算模型;以轮轨接触点和接触位置、滚动圆半径差、接触角、等效锥度、蠕滑率、接触斑面积和最大接触压力作为轮轨接触几何和力学性能指标,分析轨底坡耦合车轮动态型面对轮轨接触特性的影响规律。结果表明:LM标准型面和5万公里车轮磨耗型面与1/20轨底坡匹配时轮轨接触点分布均匀;随着运行里程增加,车轮磨耗型面变化,轮轨接触恶化,轮对横移量4 mm下,8万和14万公里车轮磨耗型面与1/20轨底坡匹配时各指标出现断点。To investigate the relationship between the dynamic changes of subway wheel profiles and the setting of rail cant,the wear profiles of the wheels were tracked and tested at operating mileage of 5×104,8×104,and 14×104 km,and the wheel-rail contact characteristics were studied when the rail cant was coupled with the dynamic profile of the wheels.Based on the theory of vehicle dynamics and measured parameters of subway vehicles,a vehicle system dynamics model was established.A calculation model for wheel rail rolling contact was established based on the geometric relationship of wheel-rail contact and non Hertz rolling contact theory.Using the wheel-rail contact point and contact position,rolling circle radius difference,contact angle,equivalent taper,creep rate,contact spot area,and maximum contact pressure as the geometric and mechanical performance indicators of wheel-rail contact,the influence laws of the coupled wheel dynamic profile and rail cant on the wheel-rail contact characteristics was analyzed.The results indicate that the distribution of wheel-rail contact points is uniform when the LM and 5×104 km wheel wear profiles are matched with a 1/20 rail cant.As the operating mileage increases,the wear profile of the wheels changes,and the wheel-rail contact deteriorates.When the lateral displacement of the wheelset is 4 mm,there are breakpoints in various indicators when the wheel wear profile of the 8×104 and 14×104 km matches the 1/20 rail cant.

关 键 词：地铁 轮轨接触特性 模型试验 轨底坡 车轮型面动态变化 

分 类 号：U271.92[机械工程—车辆工程]