苍南近岸海域水产品重金属分布特征及风险评估  

Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Aquatic Products from the Coastal Area of Cangnan

作　　者：侯彦琳 郝青 孙秀梅[1,2] 祝银 陈页[1,2] HOU Yanlin;HAO Qing;SUN Xiumei;ZHU Yin;CHEN Ye(Marine and Fisheries Research Institute,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan,Zhejiang 316021,China;Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Zhoushan,Zhejiang 316021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所,浙江舟山316021 [2]浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《中国无机分析化学》2024年第9期1255-1263,共9页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGC19D06001);浙江省海洋水产研究所科技计划项目(HYS-ZX-202305)。

摘　　要：针对当前我国部分水产品中仍存在重金属超标的现象,以苍南海域水产品为研究对象,研究了铬、铜、锌、镉、铅、砷的分布特征,并评估其健康风险。以微波消解仪对样品进行前处理,As用原子荧光光谱仪测定,其余重金属以电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定。采用单因子污染指数法、金属污染指数和重金属危害指数法对该海域水产品的重金属污染水平和健康风险进行了评估。结果表明,所有样品中元素平均浓度为铅(0.061 mg/kg)<铬(0.094 mg/kg)<砷(0.139 mg/kg)<镉(0.254 mg/kg)<铜(4.801 mg/kg)<锌(10.126 mg/kg)。水产品中铬、铜、锌、铅、砷均能满足国家相关食品安全标准,但镉有2.2%的样品超标,为重度污染状态。通过食用苍南海域水产品摄入的重金属均小于其口服参考计量值,且重金属的单一和综合危害指数平均值均小于1,表明食用苍南近岸海域水产品无潜在非致癌风险。但个别凤鲚样品中也存在重金属综合危害指数大于1的情况,可针对凤鲚适当减少日消费量或降低食用频率。苍南近岸海域水产品的生态风险和健康风险均较低,但镉的污染及凤鲚的潜在风险仍值得关注。In response to the current phenomenon of excessive heavy metals in some aquatic products in China,In this study,the distribution characteristics of chromium,copper,zinc,cadmium,lead,and arsenic in aquatic products from the Cangnan sea area were studied,and their health risks were evaluated.The samples were pretreated using a microwave digestion instrument,and As was measured using an atomic fluorescence spectrometer,while remaining heavy metals were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Furthermore,single factor pollution index,metal pollution index,target hazard quotient(THQ)and heavy metal hazard index(HI)were used to evaluate the heavy metal contamination levels and health risks.The results indicated that the average level of heavy metals were in following orders:Pb(0.061 mg/kg)<Cr(0.094 mg/kg)<As(0.139 mg/kg)<Cd(0.254 mg/kg)<Cu(4.801 mg/kg)<Zn(10.126 mg/kg).Chromium,copper,zinc,lead,and arsenic levels were lower than relevant national food safety standards for aquatic products.but 2.2%of the samples exceeded the standard for cadmium,indicating a severe pollution state.The ingestion of heavy metals through consumption of aquatic products from Cangnan were lower than oral reference dose.Moreover,the average value for both THQ and HI were below than 1.The above results suggested that there was no potential non-carcinogenic risk was associated with consuming aquatic products from coastal area of Cangnan.However,the HI value for heavy metals found within individual Coilia samples exceeds 1.Hence daily consumption or frequency of consumption for Coilia can be appropriately reduced.In general,the ecological risks and health risks posed by aquatic products in coastal area of Cangnan were relatively low,but attention should be given to cadmium pollution as well as potential risks related to Coilia.

关 键 词：水产品 重金属 分布特征 风险评估 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学]