沿海地区良态风和台风气候不同时距风速转换系数研究  

Conversion coefficients for wind speed at different time intervals in normal and typhoon climates of coastal areas

作　　者：黄东梅[1,2] 郑焙元 杨曙光 苏华海 周建军 陈雨豪 HUANG Dongmei;ZHENG Beiyuan;YANG Shuguang;SU Huahai;ZHOU Jianjun;CHEN Yuhao(School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National Engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Construction Technology,Changsha 410075,China;Zhuhai Airport Group Co.Ltd.,Zhuhai 519165,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学高速铁路建造技术国家工程研究中心,湖南长沙410075 [3]珠海机场集团有限公司,广东珠海519165

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第7期2612-2624,共13页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078503);教育部重点实验室开放课题(2019ZDX008)。

摘　　要：以华南地区某海岸机场区域2012—2021年的风速实测数据为对象,根据这10 a内台风的登陆情况,将其划分为良态风气候和台风气候,研究不同风气候环境下风速时距转换系数的变化规律。研究结果表明:在良态风气候下,月、季、年极值风速的分布规律均符合极值Ⅰ型(Gumbel分布),统计发现转换系数随时距增大呈指数递减的变化规律,基于此拟合得到良态风气候下月、季、年极值风速的时距转换系数公式;在台风气候下,时距转换系数曲线的平稳程度随台风强度的减小而减弱;时距3 s与10 min的转换系数的分布规律符合极值Ⅰ型分布,30 min、1 h与10 min的转换系数的分布规律符合极值Ⅲ型分布;使用良态风转换系数公式估计台风气候时距3 s与10 min的转换系数时,会存在10%~30%的相对误差,可将转换系数乘以对应的放大系数去近似估计,或直接采用1.63的转换系数。该研究结果可为不同风气候条件的风荷载计算提供参考。Based on the landfall of typhoons in the past decade,the wind speed data taken from a South Chinese coastal airport area between 2012 and 2021 were categorized into normal wind climate samples and typhoon climate samples,and then the regularity of conversion coefficients of wind speeds at different time intervals in normal and typhoon climates was investigated.The results show that in a normal wind climate,the extreme wind speeds for monthly,seasonal and annual periods comply with the extreme value type I(Gumbel distribution).Additionally,statistically-derived conversion coefficients exhibit an exponential decrease law with time interval varying from 1 min to 60 min.Based on these findings,the conversion coefficient curves for monthly,seasonal and annual extreme wind speeds in a normal wind climate was constructed.In a typhoon climate,the time interval conversion coefficients reduce in smoothness with the decrease of typhoon intensity.The conversion coefficients for 3 s and 10 min are equivalent to the extreme type I(Gumbel distribution).Meanwhile,the conversion coefficients for 30 min and 10 min,as well as 1 h and 10 min are in line with the extreme type III(Weibull distribution).There may be a margin of error ranging from 10%to 30%when the conversion coefficients was established for the time intervals of 3 s and 10 min in typhoon climates,if the formula for the conversion coefficient of normal winds was applied.The outcomes may be multiplied by the corresponding amplification factor for estimation approximation,or a conversion factor value of approximately 1.63 can be utilized directly.The findings of this study can provide guide for computing wind loads in varying weather conditions.

关 键 词：时距 极值风速 风速转换系数 良态风气候 台风气候 

分 类 号：TU312.1[建筑科学—结构工程]