城市轨道交通地面储能技术应用综述  

Review on Wayside Energy Storage Technology for Urban Rail Transit

作　　者：金勇 黄先进[1] 石春珉 钟志宏[1] 林飞[1] 杨中平[1] Jin Yong;Huang Xianjin;Shi Chunmin;Zhong Zhihong;Lin Fei;Yang Zhongping(School of Electrical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044 China;Standards and Metrology Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co.Ltd,Beijing 100081 China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司标准计量研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第15期4568-4582,4642,共16页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：北京市科技计划课题资助项目(Z211100004121011)。

摘　　要：我国城市轨道交通路网规模的不断扩大,导致牵引能耗加重问题和再生制动能量利用问题越来越受到重视。将储能技术应用在城市轨道交通中,可以平抑牵引网压波动、吸收再生制动能量、降低牵引能耗,也为接入新能源带来了契机。该文针对地面储能系统,对城轨储能领域常用储能介质的特性进行对比分析,展示城轨领域的应用现状,并结合实际案例分析储能介质和城轨需求的适应性;针对不同类型储能变流器常用电路拓扑进行研究,对比不同拓扑的工作特性和特点,分析变流器拓扑和城轨需求的匹配性;调研城轨储能系统常用的能量管理策略,研究不同策略的特点;从储能系统设计和能量管理的再优化对城轨储能系统的研究热点和未来发展提出展望,为城轨储能系统规范化、高效化、简约化提供参考。The increasing demand for urban rail transit and its network size aggravates traction energy consumption and regenerative braking energy utilization.Train running chart optimization,inverter feedback,and energy storage are often used to minimize the use of braking resistors.At present,energy storage technology is widely used with different energy storage media and energy storage converters.The system can work in different states according to the train’s operating conditions and energy management strategies.The widely-used energy storage media include batteries,supercapacitors,and flywheels.Batteries have advantages in energy density for long-time energy storage,but the power density is relatively limited.Supercapacitors have power density advantages for high-power charging and discharging in a short period.In addition,supercapacitor plays the power supply function in urban rail transit to realize the regenerative braking energy absorption.Flywheels complete the conversion between electrical energy and mechanical energy through physical means,which have high power density.However,their costs are high.This paper compares the characteristics of the three energy storage media in terms of energy density,power density,and cost.According to the actual operation of urban rail,the energy storage converter needs to have bidirectional energy mobility.The bidirectional AC-DC converter and bidirectional DC-DC converter are the candidates.The basic topology of AC-DC converters is the two-level topology,but the power device cost and switching loss are high.This problem can be solved by applying multi-level technology.This paper takes three-level technology as an example.The three-level topologies for urban rail energy storage systems include diode neutral point clamped topology and active neutral point clamped topology.The basic current urban rail topology of DC-DC converters is the diode center-clamped topology based on the half-bridge structure.The module series-parallel and cascade technology is considered to meet high-vol

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 再生制动能量 储能介质 储能变流器 能量管理 

分 类 号：U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]