Initial COVID-19 severity influenced by SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells imprints T-cell memory and inversely affects reinfection  

作　　者：Gang Yang Jinpeng Cao Jian Qin Xinyue Mei Shidong Deng Yingjiao Xia Jun Zhao Junxiang Wang Tao Luan Daxiang Chen Peiyu Huang Cheng Chen Xi Sun Qi Luo Jie Su Yunhui Zhang Nanshan Zhong Zhongfang Wang 

机构地区：[1]The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology.Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan province,Kunming,Yunnan,China [2]Guangzhou National Laboratory,Bioland,Guangzhou,Guangdong,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease&National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,China

出　　处：《Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy》2024年第6期2791-2803,共13页信号转导与靶向治疗（英文）

基　　金：supported by R&D Program of Guangzhou National Laboratory(SRPG23-005);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2306400);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2604104);Ministry of Science and Technology of the P.R.China;the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 81971485 and 82271801);S&T Program of Guangzhou Laboratory(SRPG22-006);Zhongnanshan Medical Foundation of Guangdong Province(ZNSA-2020013);Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022B1111070002,2020B1111330001);Emergency Key Program of Guangzhou Laboratory(No.EKPG21-30-1).

摘　　要：The immunoprotective components control COVID-19 disease severity,as well as long-term adaptive immunity maintenance and subsequent reinfection risk discrepancies across initial COVID-19 severity,remain unclarified.Here,we longitudinally analyzed SARS-CoV-2-specific immune effectors during the acute infection and convalescent phases of 165 patients with COVID-19 categorized by severity.We found that early and robust SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cell responses ameliorate disease progression and shortened hospital stay,while delayed and attenuated virus-specific CD8^(+)T cell responses are prominent severe COVID-19 features.Delayed antiviral antibody generation rather than titer level associates with severe outcomes.Conversely,initial COVID-19 severity imprints the long-term maintenance of SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immunity,demonstrating that severe convalescents exhibited more sustained virus-specific antibodies and memory T cell responses compared to mild/moderate counterparts.Moreover,initial COVID-19 severity inversely correlates with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection risk.Overall,our study unravels the complicated interaction between temporal characteristics of virus-specific T cell responses and COVID-19 severity to guide future SARS-CoV-2 wave management.

关 键 词：SEVERITY IMMUNITY INFECTION 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]