老年住院患者沉默性误吸发生率的循证研究  

Evidence-based practice on incidence of silent aspiration in elderly hospitalized patients

作　　者：杨丽娜[1,2] 荣岚[1,2] 潘莉倩[1,2] 徐琛莹[2] YANG Lina;RONG Lan;PAN Liqian;XU Chenying(Department of Nursing,Rich Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai,200025;Department of Geriatric Disease,Rich Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai,200025)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院护理部,上海200025 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院老年病科,上海200025

出　　处：《实用临床医药杂志》2024年第14期123-127,148,共6页Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice

基　　金：上海市卫健委科研项目(202240038)。

摘　　要：目的探讨循证实践在预防老年住院患者沉默性误吸发生中的应用效果。方法选取老年科工作的70名护士和老年科收治的≥65岁老年患者为循证实践研究对象,以证据应用前(2021年11月—2022年4月)收治评估的704例患者为基线审查组,以证据应用后(2022年5月—2022年10月)收治评估的744例患者为证据应用组。证据应用后评价护士对相关审查指标的执行情况及2组患者的沉默性误吸发生率等指标。结果证据应用后,护士对11项降低沉默性误吸发生率的审查指标的执行率均高于证据应用前;患者沉默性误吸发生率由证据应用前的12.5%下降至证据应用后的7.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于证据的质量审查项目,有利于规范护士的预防沉默性误吸的护理行为;实施降低老年住院患者沉默性误吸发生率的循证实践,有利于减少不良事件的发生。Objective To investigate the application effect of evidence-based practice in preventing silent aspiration in elderly hospitalized patients.Methods A total of 70 nurses and elderly patients aged≥65 years old in the geriatric department were selected as the subjects of evidence-based practice.A total of 704 patients assessed before the application of evidence(November 2021 to April 2022)were included in baseline review group,and 744 patients assessed after the application of evidence(May 2022 to October 2022)were included in evidence application group.After the application of evidence,the nurses′performance of relevant audit indicators and the incidence of silent aspiration in both groups were evaluated.Results After the application of evidence,the nurses′performance rates of 11 audit indicators for reducing incidence of silent aspiration were higher than those before the application;the incidence of silent aspiration among patients decreased significantly from 12.5%before the application of evidence to 7.8%after the application(P<0.05).Conclusion The quality audit project based on evidence is conducive to standardizing nurses′nursing behaviors for preventing silent aspiration.The implementation of evidence-based practice to reduce the incidence of silent aspiration in elderly hospitalized patients is beneficial to reduce the occurrence of adverse events.

关 键 词：沉默性误吸 老年患者 循证实践 护理质量 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学] R33[医药卫生—临床医学] R19