当代教育中的身份焦虑及其应对  

Status Anxiety in Contemporary Education and Its Countermeasures

作　　者：叶飞[1] YE Fei(Institute of Moral Education,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学道德教育研究所,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期99-106,共8页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“大中小学思政课一体化的内涵式建设研究”(AEA230013)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当代教育中所潜藏的精英主义情结及其所导致的身份、资源等排他性竞争,使得教育易于成为身份焦虑的诱发器。教育中的身份焦虑在深层次上是一种自我认同的焦虑,在外显的层次上则体现为追求“绩优者”身份的焦虑以及获取社会资源的焦虑。身份焦虑制造了“分离的个体”,它导致了个体与“内在的人”的分离、个体与他者的分离以及个体与共同体生活的分离。这种分离难以使人成长为具有健全品格的人,难以促进人对美好人格、美好生活的追求。教育必须要对身份焦虑及其背后的教育机制有所回应,这就要求教育要重构“内在的人”的理念,促进人对于自我的健全的认同;建构“与他者共生”的学习共同体,打破“与他者竞技”的教育机制;培养国家及社会公民的身份认同,使人们担负起公共责任与使命,最终实现培养全面发展的人的教育目标。The elitism hidden in contemporary education and the exclusive competition for status and resources caused by it make education easy to become an inducer of status anxiety.Status anxiety in education is a kind of self-status anxiety at a deep level,and it is embodied in the anxiety of pursuing the status of“merit”and the anxiety of obtaining social resources.Status anxiety creates the“separate individual”.It leads to the separation of the individual from the“inner person”,the separation of the individual from the other,and the separation of the individual from the community life.This kind of separation can hardly make people grow into healthy people,and can hardly promote people’s pursuit of a better personality and a better life.Education must respond to status anxiety and the educational mechanism behind it,so as to reconstruct the concept of“inner person”and promote people’s sound self-identification.Education should break the educational mechanism of“competing with others”and construct a learning community of“symbiosis with others”;cultivate the status of national and social citizens,so that people take on public responsibility and mission,and finally realize the mission of cultivating healthy people.

关 键 词：身份焦虑 现代学校 精英教育 绩优者 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]