不同大麦品种籽粒营养成分分析  

Analysis of Nutritional Component Contents of Grains among Different Barley Varieties

作　　者：罗平[1] 杨晓梦[2] 普晓英[2] 李霞[2] 杨丽娥 杨砚斌 杨加珍[2] 曾亚文[2] LUO Ping;YANG Xiaomeng;PU Xiaoying;LI Xia;YANG Li'e;YANG Yanbin;YANG Jiazhen;ZENG Yawen(Institute of Resourse and Plants,Yunnan University,Kunming,Yunnan 650504,China;Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源植物研究院,云南昆明650504 [2]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2024年第8期1003-1009,共7页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1100402);云南省基础研究计划面上项目(202201AT070126);国家大麦青稞产业技术专项(CARS-05-01A-04)。

摘　　要：为发掘更多高营养成分大麦品种和优质亲本,以526份国内外大麦品种为材料,鉴定了其皮裸性、棱型、籽粒颜色等性状,使用近红外光谱法和分光光度法测定其籽粒β-葡聚糖、蛋白质、淀粉、直链淀粉、总黄酮、生物碱、γ-氨基丁酸和抗性淀粉8种营养成分含量。结果表明,基因型对大麦籽粒营养成分含量影响显著(P<0.05)。二棱皮大麦的β-葡聚糖含量显著高于六棱裸麦;二棱黄色大麦蛋白质含量显著高于六棱非黄色大麦,淀粉含量显著低于六棱黄色大麦;裸大麦直链淀粉含量显著高于皮大麦,六棱非黄色裸大麦γ-氨基丁酸、总黄酮含量显著高于二棱黄色皮大麦;六棱非黄色皮大麦生物碱含量显著高于二棱黄色裸大麦;非黄色裸大麦抗性淀粉含量显著高于黄色皮麦。526份大麦品种被聚类为5个类群。8个营养成分最高大麦品种分别为CBSS05Y00293S(高β-葡聚糖)、福贡白青稞(高蛋白质)、云啤21号(高淀粉)、云啤10号(高直链淀粉)、宽颖大麦(高γ-氨基丁酸)、冬青17号(高总黄酮)、碧江大麦-1(高生物碱)和景东米大麦(高抗性淀粉)。In order to explore high nutritional barley and high-quality parents,526 domestic and foreign barley varieties were used as materials to identify the traits such as husk,grain colour and row type.The grain nutritional component contents were determined using near-infrared spectroscopy and spectrophotometry,such asβ-glucan,protein,starch,amylose,total flavonoids,alkaloids,γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),and resistant starch.The results showed that genotype had significant impact on the nutritional content of barley grains.Theβ-glucan content of two-rowed barley is significantly higher than that of six-rowed hulless barley;the protein content of two-rowed yellow barley is significantly higher than that of six-rowed non-yellow barley;the starch content of six-rowed yellow barley is significantly higher than that of two-rowed yellow barley;the amylose content of hulless barley is significantly higher than that of hulled barley;the GABA content and the total flavonoid content of six-rowed and other colors hulless barley is significantly higher than that of two-rowed yellow hulled barley;the alkaloid content of six-rowed other colors barley is significantly higher than that of two-rowed yellow hulless barley and the resistant starch content of other colors hulless barley is significantly higher than that of yellow hulled barley.The 526 barley varieties can be divided into 5 classes.Eight barley varieties with excellent nutritional components were screened:CBSS05Y00293S(highβ-glucan),Fugong baiqingke(high protein),Yunpi 21(high amylose),Yunpi 10(high straight-chain amylose),Kuanyingdamai(high GABA),Dongqing 17(high total flavonoids),Bijiang barley-1(high alkaloids),and Jingdong midamai(high resistant starch).

关 键 词：大麦籽粒 皮裸 籽粒颜色 棱形 营养成分 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学] S330