飞行员膳食调查及军人膳食平衡指数评价  

Pilot diet survey and evaluation of military diet balance index

作　　者：赵颖 李绍建 苏艳萍 张春媛 高秋爽 孙小雅 裴素萍 ZHAO Ying;LI Shao-jian;SU Yan-ping;ZHANG Chun-yuan;GAO Qiu-shuang;SUN Xiao-ya;PEI Su-ping

机构地区：[1]联勤保障部队北戴河康复疗养中心,河北秦皇岛066100 [2]联勤保障部队第980医院,河北石家庄050082

出　　处：《中国疗养医学》2024年第9期16-19,共4页Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine

基　　金：河北省军民融合发展研究课题(HB22JMRH006)。

摘　　要：目的评估飞行员膳食营养状况,为指导飞行人员合理膳食提供依据。方法选择某部95名飞行员为调查对象,采用称重法进行膳食调查,用军人膳食平衡指数(DBI)评价飞行员膳食质量。结果与GJB 826C-2022《军人食物定量》标准比较,除了畜肉、植物油达标外,摄入量超标的食物有禽蛋、盐,摄入量不足的有大豆、奶及奶制品、禽肉、水果、粮食、水产类、蔬菜,分别为标准的13%、17%、28%、36%、57%、58%、64%。蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物的供能比分别为17%、44%、39%,比例明显不均衡。军人DBI评分显示,被调查飞行人员存在中等程度的摄入不足和低度摄入过量。结论膳食结构不合理,三大产能营养素供能比例不均衡,呈现“低碳水化合物、高蛋白、高脂肪”的饮食模式。军人DBI评分存在中度膳食失衡,体质量超重者比例偏高。建议调整膳食结构,减少蛋类食物摄入,减少食盐及调味品用量,增加大豆(非飞行日)、禽肉、奶及奶制品、水产类、蔬菜、水果的摄入量。Objective To evaluate the diet and nutritional status of pilots and to provide basis for guiding pilots to take reasonable diet.Methods A total of 95 pilots were selected as the subjects,and the diet quality of pilots was evaluated by military diet balance index(DBI).Results Compared with GJB 826C-2022"Military Food Quantification"standard,in addition to livestock meat and vegetable oil,the food with excessive intake included poultry eggs and salt,and the food with insufficient intake included soybean,milk and dairy products,poultry meat,fruits,grains,aquatic products and vegetables,accounting for 13%,17%,28%,36%,57%,58%,64%respectively of the standard quantity.The energy supply ratio of protein,fat and carbohydrate was 17%,44%and 39%,respectively,which was obviously unbalanced.Military DBI scores showed moderate underintake and low overintake among the surveyed pilots.Conclusion The dietary structure is unreasonable,and the proportion of energy supply of the three major productive nutrients is unbalanced,showing a diet pattern of"low carbohydrate,high protein and high fat".The DBI scores of soldiers has moderate dietary imbalance,and the proportion of overweight soldiers is high.It is recommended to adjust the dietary structure,reduce the intake of egg foods,reduce the amount of salt and condiments,and increase the intake of soybeans(non-flying days),poultry meat,milk and dairy products,aquatic products,vegetables and fruits.

关 键 词：飞行员 膳食调查 膳食平衡指数 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]