探寻作为自足学科体系的应用伦理学——访甘绍平研究员  

Applied Ethics as a Self-Contained Discipline:An Interview with Professor Gan Shaoping

作　　者：甘绍平[1] 焦阳 Gan Shaoping;Jiao Yang

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院哲学研究所 [2]南京农业大学马克思主义学院、南京农业大学农业伦理研究中心

出　　处：《哲学动态》2024年第7期117-125,128,共10页Philosophical Trends

摘　　要：问:甘老师您好!应用伦理学在2022年可以说迎来了一次新的发展机遇。这一年,中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发了《关于加强科技伦理治理的意见》,国务院学位委员会在哲学一级学科门类下增设“应用伦理”专业硕士学位。这些都强烈地提示着,应用伦理学在当今中国已经成为一门“显学”。Applied ethics has been a prominent discipline in contemporary China.However,the characteristics,contents,methods,and objectives of applied ethics are still confusing for many researchers.In an interview with Gan Shaoping,a professor of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,he explained that the main task of applied ethics is to deal with the tensions between conflicting values and attempt to solve ethical paradoxes.In the term applied ethics,the word"applied"does not signify a simple application of classical ethical theories to solve contemporary problems,but rather to demonstrate the call to re-introduce,reflect,and revise relevant ethical concepts in the process of solving moral problems.It is also meant to generate,shape,and improve the ethical norms related to them,so as to provide a basis for institutional design or the formation of a universal social behavior model.As far as the methodology of applied ethics,Gan Shaoping advocates a methodology of"reflective equilibrium"in the Rawlsian sense.When dealing with moral problems,this methodology does not deduce a moral principle from an ethical theory;rather,it comprehensively considers all aspects of human moral demands with a coherent attitude.It combines and balances deduction theory and skeptical theory while also integrateing ethical theory,moral beliefs,and emotional intuition into a logical background framework to form a coherent system that weighs different possibilities based on different situations,so as to seek the best results under the given conditions and behavioral situations and to solve the ethical problems in need of urgent solutions.Thus,the goal of applied ethics is not to form moral truth,but to seek situational moral consensus.However,this does not mean that applied ethics completely admits moral relativism,but rather that it still acknowledges the existence of a universal morality that can be accepted by all human beings.

关 键 词：伦理治理 应用伦理学 专业硕士学位 学科门类 中共中央办公厅 学科体系 国务院办公厅 

分 类 号：B82-0[哲学宗教—伦理学]