聚乙烯微塑料对土壤氮转化的影响及机制研究进展  

Advances in Research of the Effects and Mechanisms of Polyethylene Microplastics on Soil Nitrogen Transformation

作　　者：王树涛 汪晚晴 荣飒爽 李宇欣 王鑫鑫 梁盼 刘微[3] WANG Shu-tao;WANG Wan-qing;RONG Sa-shuang;LI Yu-xin;WANG Xin-xin;LIANG Pan;LIU Wei(College of Land and Resources,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei,Baoding 071001,China;College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China;School of Eco-Environment,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,China;Hebei Agricultural Technology Innovation Center,Baoding 071001,China;Mountain Area Research Institute of Hebei Province,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学国土资源学院,保定071001 [2]河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,保定071001 [3]河北大学化学与材料科学学院,保定071002 [4]河北大学生态环境系,保定071002 [5]河北省山区农业技术创新中心,保定071001 [6]河北农业大学河北省山区研究所,保定071001

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第8期4756-4765,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077369);河北省重点研发计划项目(22327301D)。

摘　　要：聚乙烯塑料是当前农田土壤微塑料(MPs)污染的主要类型之一,具有分布广、颗粒小、易积累且难降解等特点,长期在土壤中存在影响元素循环.在总结国内外重要研究结果的基础上,系统分析和综述了聚乙烯微塑料(PE-MPs)影响土壤氮转化的关键因素和过程.一方面PE-MPs自身作为碳源招募微生物,选择定殖微生物种群,释放添加剂等途径对与土壤氮转化相关微生物和关键酶活性产生直接影响.另一方面PE-MPs通过影响土壤理化性质改变微生物生长微环境对与土壤氮转化相关微生物和关键酶活性产生间接影响.此外,MPs的重要添加剂邻苯二甲酸酯类物质(PAEs)可能是短期内影响土壤氮转化过程的主要因子.通过建议未来应该深入研究的关键科学问题,可为MPs污染土壤的氮素营养调控和生态风险评估提供科学支撑.In the agricultural lands of China,polyethylene is the main component of microplastics(MPs),with characteristics such as small size,wide distribution,easy accumulation,and difficult degradation.Therefore,it may have an impact on the elemental cycling process of the soil.On the basis of reviewing the key literatures in the past few years,this study systematically analyzed and summarized the key factors and processes of the polyethylene microplastics(PE-MPs)affecting soil nitrogen transformation.On the one hand,PE-MPs directly affected the activities of microorganisms and key enzymes related to soil nitrogen transformation by enriching microorganisms,selecting colonized microbial populations,and releasing additives.On the other hand,PE-MPs had indirect impacts on the activities of microorganisms and key enzymes related to soil nitrogen transformation by affecting soil physicochemical properties of soil and changing the microenvironment for microbial growth.Moreover,phthalates,an important additive of the MPs,may be the key factor affecting soil nitrogen transformation in the short-term.Finally,we posed key scientific issues that should be further studied in order to provide scientific support for nitrogen nutrition regulation and ecological risk assessment of soils contaminated by PE-MPs.

关 键 词：聚乙烯微塑料(PE-MPs) 氮转化 微生物 土壤理化性质 氮转化功能基因 酶 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]