偏振视觉  

Polarization vision

作　　者：赵永强[1] 乔新博 李宁[2] 潘泉[1] Yongqiang ZHAO;Xinbo QIAO;Ning LI;Quan PAN(Department of Automation,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Department of Automation,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学自动化学院,西安710072 [2]清华大学自动化系,北京100084

出　　处：《中国科学：信息科学》2024年第7期1620-1645,共26页Scientia Sinica(Informationis)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:61771391);陕西省重点研发计划(批准号:2020ZDLGY07-11);深圳市科技创新委员会基础研究(学科布局)(批准号:JCYJ20170815162956949);深圳市科技创新委员会基础研究(自由探索)(批准号:JCYJ20180306171146740);中央高校基础研究基金资助。

摘　　要：传统视觉技术已经广泛应用于生产生活中的各类领域,然而在面对复杂环境以及非合作目标时,获得的信息量有限使传统视觉技术无法有效地检测、识别目标.作为与光强、波长、相位并列的光的基本物理特性,偏振能够反映发射或反射光的振动特性,表征物体的多种信息,因此偏振信息能有效区分目标与背景,并在恶劣环境中维持信息有效性.利用偏振信息的这种特性,人们将光的偏振信息引入视觉系统,得到了一种解决复杂场景成像问题的方案,即偏振视觉.偏振视觉最早在部分生物上发现,对偏振视觉的进一步研究使人们发现偏振视觉相较于传统视觉在复杂场景下的成像优势.本文以偏振视觉的发展为主线整理了偏振视觉技术的诞生、成像设备的发展与该技术在各领域的应用,并展望了偏振视觉及其相关技术的未来发展方向.Traditional vision techniques have been widely used in various fields.However,when facing complex environments and non-cooperative targets,the limited information obtained renders traditional vision techniques ineffective in detecting and recognizing targets.As a basic physical property of light,polarization,alongside intensity,wavelength,and phase,can reflect the vibrational characteristics of emitted or reflected light and characterize multiple aspects of objects.Therefore,polarization information can effectively distinguish targets from backgrounds and maintain information validity in adverse environments.Researchers have introduced polarization information into the vision technique and obtained a solution to the imaging problem in complex scenes,namely polarization vision.Polarization vision was first discovered in some animals,and further research on polarization vision has revealed its imaging advantages over traditional vision in complex scenes.This review focuses on the development of polarization vision,polarization imaging devices,and their applications.We also look ahead to the future development direction of polarization vision and related technologies.

关 键 词：偏振视觉 偏振信息 偏振成像设备 散射介质成像 目标检测 反射光去除 三维重构 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] O436.3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]