酶固定化技术及其在食品工业的应用进展  

Enzymes Immobilization Technology and its Application Progress in Food Industry

作　　者：仲晨 赵彬旭 刘梅 刘天红 王颖 ZHONG Chen;ZHAO Binxu;LIU Mei;LIU Tianhong;WANG Ying(Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province,Shandong Qingdao 266104,China;Qingdao University,Shandong Qingdao 266071,China;Municipal Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Biological Quality Evaluation and Application,Shandong Qingdao 266104,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋科学研究院,山东青岛266104 [2]青岛大学,山东青岛266071 [3]青岛市水产生物品质评价工程研究中心,山东青岛266104

出　　处：《生物技术进展》2024年第4期537-544,共8页Current Biotechnology

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2023CXGC010414);山东省重点研发计划-山东省“合成生物”科技示范工程(2022SFGC0101)。

摘　　要：酶是高效的生物大分子催化剂,广泛应用于食品工业。然而,游离酶活性和稳定性差,重复使用性差。因此,酶常被固定在惰性(不溶性)载体上,以提高其稳定性和重复使用性,即酶的固定化。为了提高固定化酶的生物催化效率,人们研究并开发了多种载体。合适的载体材料和固定化方法对于优化固定化酶的性能至关重要。载体材料的选择通常需要考虑其生物相容性、化学和热稳定性、反应条件下的不溶性、易于再生和重复使用性以及成本效益等。酶固定化技术应用于食品工业中不仅能够提高酶的稳定性和重复利用率,还可改善食品质量、降低加工成本。总结了酶固定化的常见载体,并重点介绍了其在食品工业中的应用,以期为食品工业中酶固定化技术的应用研究提供参考。Enzymes are efficient macromolecular biocatalysts,which are widely used in food industry.However,free enzymes had disadvantages,such as poor activity and stability,as well as limited reusability.Therefore,enzymes are commonly immobilized on inert or insoluble carriers to improve their stability and reusability,that is,enzymes immobilization.In order to improve the biocatalytic efficiency of immobilized enzymes,various carriers have been studied and developed.Suitable carrier materials and immobilization methods are crucial to optimize the performance of immobilized enzymes.Carrier materials were typically considered biocompatibility,chemical and thermal stability,insolubility under reaction conditions,ease of regeneration and reuse,as well as cost.The application of enzyme immobilization technology in food industry could not only improve the stability and reuse of enzymes,but also improve food quality and reduce processing costs.In this paper,common immobilized enzyme carriers and their application in food industry were summarized,providing references for the application of immobilized enzyme technology in food industry.

关 键 词：生物催化 酶固定化 载体材料 食品工业 

分 类 号：Q55[生物学—生物化学] TQ619.8[化学工程—精细化工]