简并PCR技术在疾病检测中的应用  

Application of Degenerate PCR Technique in Disease Detection

作　　者：刘敏[1] 程淮 蔡欢嫦 张贺伟 任静强 LIU Min;CHENG Huai;CAI Huanchang;ZHANG Hewei;REN Jingqiang(Institute of Virology,Wenzhou University,Zhejiang Wenzhou 325035,China;College of Food and Drug,Luoyang Vocational and Technical College,Henan Luoyang 471400,China)

机构地区：[1]温州大学病毒学研究所,浙江温州325035 [2]洛阳职业技术学院食品与药品学院,河南洛阳471400

出　　处：《生物技术进展》2024年第4期545-554,共10页Current Biotechnology

基　　金：温州大学引进人才科研启动项目(QD2023014);温州市基础性科研资助项目(20231107)。

摘　　要：普通PCR引物对目的基因扩增的单一特异性,限制了其在临床疾病检测中的通用性范围,而多重PCR需要避免若干引物对之间二级结构的干扰,应用同样受到一定的限制。简并PCR技术中简并性引物是基于基因保守区域的分析并结合简并碱基而设计,可以检测出高度相似的靶基因,具有高效性、灵敏性、特异性和低成本的特点,目前已被广泛应用于多个领域。综述了简并PCR技术在临床、食品安全、动植物疫病、寄生虫、水产养殖等领域疾病检测中的应用,并对其优缺点进行了讨论,以期为简并PCR的进一步发展以及在其他领域的应用提供参考和指导。The single specificity of ordinary PCR primers for amplifying target genes limits the universality in clinical disease detection,while multiplex PCR needs to avoid interference of secondary structures between several primer pairs,which also limits its application.The degenerate primers based on the conserved region design of genes can detect highly similar species,and degenerate PCR shows good efficiency,sensitivity,specificity and low cost in the application of correlation detection.Currently,degenerate PCR technology has been widely used in mutiple fields.This article reviewed the application of degenerate PCR technology in clinical,food safety,animal and plant diseases,parasites,aquaculture and other fields,and discussed its advantages and disadvantages,in order to provide reference and guidance for the further development of degenerate PCR and its application in other fields.

关 键 词：PCR技术 简并PCR 简并性引物 疾病检测 

分 类 号：Q-31[生物学]