晶体管生物传感:界面调控策略及生物医学应用  

Transistor-based biosensing:Strategies of interface modulation and biomedical applications

作　　者：张昀 陈铎 袁荃[1] 杨雁冰[1] Yun Zhang;Duo Chen;Quan Yuan;Yanbing Yang(Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry,Institute of Molecular Medicine,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,武汉大学人民医院分子医学研究院,生物医用高分子材料教育部重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第19期2748-2764,共17页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFA1202400);国家自然科学基金(22322408,21925401);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2042022rc0004,2042024kf1015);腾讯“科学探索奖”基金资助。

摘　　要：晶体管基生物传感是一种结合生物受体识别功能,利用场效应晶体管器件(field-effect transistor,FET)作为信号放大和转导单元,实现生物分子或小分子特异性检测的分析方法.FET生物传感器具备响应快、无标签、高灵敏、易操作和易集成等多重优势,在疾病筛查和健康监测等生物医学领域展现出巨大的应用潜力.本文总结了近十年在高性能FET生物传感器开发方面已取得的显著成果,重点关注于FET电学分析平台的界面调控策略和生物医学应用.首先,我们讨论了传感元件、传感界面的调制以及识别元件的设计等界面工程改造策略.进一步,对FET电学分析平台在体外检测和生理环境实时监测方面的应用进行了全面总结.最后,深入探讨了FET电学分析平台在实际应用方面所面临的关键机遇和挑战,旨在为高性能FET生物传感平台和生物电子器件的设计、开发和应用提供参考.The great advancements in precision medicine and personalized healthcare urgent demand for highly sensitive biomolecular detection techniques.Among the diversity of developed detection assays,transistor-based electrical analysis devices have attracted an increasing number of attentions.Transistor-based biosensing is an electrical analytical technique which utilizes field-effect transistors(FETs)as signal amplification and conduction devices along with the recognition function of biological receptors to achieve specific detection of biomolecules or small chemical molecules.With multiple advantages such as fast response,label-free,high sensitivity,easy operation and easy integration,FET biosensors show great potential for applications in biomedical fields including disease diagnosis,pandemic screening,real-time monitoring and being an ideal candidate for serving as point-of-care testing(POCT)tools.In particular,FET-based electronics exhibit superb performance in the determination of trace biomolecules at picomolar and even attomolar levels.However,design of high-performance FET-based electrical biosensors remains a challenge attributed to small intrinsic charges of chemical and biological molecules as well as screening effect of counterions in solution.Given the high sensitivity of sensing channels to the behaviors and characteristics of targets of interest at solid–liquid interfaces,scientists have attempted to design FETbased biosensors that are highly sensitive,selective,and reliably stable by optimizing the interfacial structures,recognition elements and other engineering strategies.In this review,we describe the remarkable achievements during the progression of high-performance FET-based biosensors in the last decade,with an emphasis on strategies of interface modulation and biomedical applications of FET electrical analysis platforms.We highlight the diverse interface engineering approaches for high-performance FET biosensing platforms including development of sensing materials,optimization of biosensing in

关 键 词：晶体管 界面调控 识别元件 体外检测 疾病筛查 可穿戴 

分 类 号：TP212.3[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] R318[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]