马克思人的本质论对黑格尔精神现象学的借鉴与超越  

The Reference and Transcendence of Marx's Essence of Man to Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit

作　　者：韩蕾 HAN Lei(School of Marxism,Hunan Normal University,Changsha Hunan 410081,China;School of Marxism,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang Henan 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学马克思主义学院,湖南长沙410081 [2]河南科技大学马克思主义学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学》2024年第4期91-97,共7页Inner Mongolia Social Sciences

摘　　要：学界通常把马克思人的本质论概括为人的现实劳动基础上的一切社会关系的总和,这种研究思路没有注意到马克思在把握人的本质问题上对黑格尔精神现象学的借鉴与超越。精神现象学蕴含着丰富的人的现实劳动以及在此基础上所结成的共同体本质的思想,对马克思形成人的本质论提供了重要的理论借鉴。马克思立足于人与自然、人与人之间的现实性对象关系,深刻揭示了人的现实的劳动以及共同体本质的理论,实现了对精神现象学所蕴含的人的本质思想的超越。In the academic circle,academic research on Marx's theory of essence of man is usually based on the texts of Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844,Theses on Feuerbach and German Ideology,focusing on Marx's development of Feuerbach's materialism which is consistent with humanism.Marx's theory of essence of man is summarized as the sum of all social relations based on the labor of human reality.This kind of research thought did not notice Marx's reference and transcendence to Hegel's phenomenology of spirit in grasping the essence of man.Hegel's phenomenology of spirit is a materialism with a strong sense of history,which is turned upside down by idealism in terms of method and content.It contains rich social labor of human reality,which aims to solve the contradiction between man and nature and between man and man,and the theory of the nature of historical development community formed on this basis.This provides a reference for Marx to establish the science of real man and his historical development,and to form the of theory of the essence of man on this basis.At the same time of its formation and development,Marx's science of real man and his historical development,based on the realistic object relationship between man and nature and between man and man,profoundly reveals the social labor of human reality and the historical development of the community essence theory formed on this basis,and realizes the transcendence of the philosophy of history and the theory of the essence of man contained in phenomenology of spirit.

关 键 词：人的本质 精神现象学 自我意识 劳动 共同体 

分 类 号：B025.1[哲学宗教—哲学理论]