场驱动医疗微机器人:材料制备工艺不断优化的应用前景  

Field-driven medical micro-robots:application prospect of continuously optimizing material preparation process

作　　者：肖文谦 韩宏娟 杨淏程 李波 何彬艳[2] Xiao Wenqian;Han Hongjuan;Yang Haocheng;Li Bo;He Binyan(Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection Technology,Chongqing University of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China;Operating Room,Mianyang Cancer Hospital,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆科技大学纳微生物医学检测技术重庆市工程实验室,重庆市401331 [2]绵阳市肿瘤医院手术室,四川省绵阳市621000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第10期2097-2104,共8页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0360),项目负责人:李波;重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0707),项目负责人:肖文谦;重庆市教委科学技术项目(KJZD-K202301503),项目负责人:李波;重庆市教委科学技术项目(KJQN202101534),项目负责人:肖文谦;重庆市高等教育学会2023-2024年度高等教育科学研究课题(cqgj23114C),项目负责人:李波。

摘　　要：背景:微机器人具有体积小、灵活、靶向性强等特点,可以在狭窄的环境下通过单体或集群的方式完成复杂的工作。随着材料、制备工艺以及驱动方式的不断优化,其在生物医学领域内显示出越来越重要的应用价值。目的:分析场驱动微机器人在生物医学领域的应用并展望其应用前景。方法:以“微机器人,纳米机器人,驱动,生物医学,医疗”为中文关键词,以“microrobots,micro-robots,nanorobots,micromachine,microswimmer,medical”为英文关键词,分别检索万方以及Pub Med数据库,检索时间范围重点为2010年1月至2024年1月,同时纳入少数远期文献。通过阅读文题、摘要初步筛选,排除重复性研究、低质量期刊以及与内容不相关的文献,阅读全文后最终纳入66篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:场驱动医疗微机器人涵盖了磁、光、热、超声及多种混合因素驱动机器人。场驱动机器人已被应用于肠道诊断、药物靶向治疗及干细胞治疗等多个领域。尽管医用微机器人在临床医学中已有少数应用,但大多数还处于理论和实验阶段。医用微机器人的未来面临诸多挑战,如实现大规模制备、进一步提升精确控制、解决回收或体内降解问题,以及所用材料是否会对人体产生不良反应等,此外微机器人还需与相应的微创医学手术相配合。BACKGROUND:Micro-robots have the characteristics of small size,flexibility,and strong targeting,and can complete complex tasks in a single or clustered manner in a narrow environment.With the continuous optimization of materials,preparation processes,and driving approaches,they have shown increasingly important application value in the field of biomedicine.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the application of field-driven micro-robots in medical field and to look forward to their application prospect.METHODS:Using“microrobots,nanorobots,drivers,biomedical,medical”as Chinese keywords and“microrobots,micro-robots,nanorobots,micromachine,microswimmer,medical”as English keywords,WanFang Data and PubMed databases were searched,respectively.The search time range was from January 2010 to January 2024,and a small number of long-term articles were included.Through reading the titles and preliminarily screening the abstracts,the repetitive studies,low-quality journals,and irrelevant literature were excluded.After reading the entire text,66 papers were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Field-driven medical micro-robots mainly include magnetic,optical,thermal,ultrasonic,and multi-mixed factor-driven robots.Field-driven robots have been used in intestinal diagnosis,drug targeting therapy,and stem cell therapy.Medical micro-robots are currently only used in a small number of clinical applications,but most of which are still in the theoretical and experimental stages.Medical micro-robots will face many challenges in future,such as large-scale preparation,precise control of micro-robots,recycling or degradation in vivo,whether the materials used will cause adverse reactions to the human body,and the related minimally invasive medical procedures.

关 键 词：微机器人 场驱动 医疗 靶向 微创 研究进展 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.08[医药卫生—临床医学] R-1