面向货运任务的混电垂直起降无人机能量管理策略和任务路径综合优化  

Integrated optimization of energy management strategy and mission path for hybrid-electric VTOL UAVs in cargo transportation

作　　者：何程 童玉奇 夏兴禄 陈刚 Cheng HE;Yuqi TONG;Xinglu XIA;Gang CHEN(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Research Institute,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Aerospace System Engineering Shanghai,Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology,Shanghai 201109,China;Institute of Unmanned System,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学无人机研究院,南京210016 [2]上海航天技术研究院上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201109 [3]北京航空航天大学无人系统研究院,北京100191

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第14期270-283,共14页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目(56XCA2205402)。

摘　　要：针对混电垂直起降无人机货运任务降低能耗和任务成本的需求,提出了混电垂直起降无人机能量管理策略和任务路径综合优化方法。综合考虑垂起、前飞和转换模态下的功率需求、电池充放电特性、发动机燃油特性,搭建了垂直起降无人机混电推进系统能耗模型,提出了基于动态规划的垂直起降无人机混电系统能量管理策略,构建了能量管理策略和货运任务路径综合优化模型以及基于最短路径解算器和动态规划解算器的二级效用评价体系。利用该方法,对2个案例进行了整体运行路径及各架次的能量管理方案的优化。结果表明,相较于最短路径优化,所提方法能够综合考虑混电系统管理策略和运行路径对能耗的影响,在满足多种约束的前提下,可规划出合理的运行路径及对应的能量管理方案,实现了任务成本最小化。Aiming at the demand of reducing energy consumption and cost for hybrid-electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing(VTOL)UAV cargo transportation missions,an integrated optimization method for energy management strategy and mission path is proposed.A hybrid-electric VTOL UAV energy consumption model is constructed by comprehensively considering the power demand in vertical flight,forward flight and transition modes,battery charging and discharging characteristics,and engine fuel consumption characteristics.An energy management strategy of hybrid-electric VTOL UAV based on dynamic programming is proposed,and an integrated optimization model of energy management strategy and cargo transportation mission path,as well as a secondary utility evaluation system based on the shortest path solver and dynamic programming solver are constructed.With this method,the overall operation path and the energy management scheme of each sortie are optimized for two cases.The results show that the proposed method can comprehensively consider the effects of hybrid-electric system management strategy and operation path on energy consumption compared with the shortest path optimization,so that a reasonable operation path and corresponding energy management scheme can be planned to minimize the mission cost while satisfying multiple constraints.

关 键 词：垂直起降 混电推进 能量管理 路径规划 多学科优化 

分 类 号：V221[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]