水溶性KGM/PVA涂膜的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and properties of water-soluble KGM/PVA film

作　　者：张斌[1] 吴守军[1,2] 朱德兰[1,2] 贺维 张庆宇 Zhang Bin;Wu Shoujun;Zhu Delan;He Wei;Zhang Qingyu(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas,Ministry of Education,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学干旱半干旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2024年第8期251-255,261,共6页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFE0103000);陕西省重点研发计划(2020ZDNY01-01)。

摘　　要：水溶性保鲜涂膜可以有效延缓果蔬的腐烂,同时可以解决传统涂膜影响果蔬品质、味道和色泽等问题。以魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基料,甘油和山梨醇作为复配增塑剂,研究了原料配比对KGM/PVA涂膜水溶性以及光学和力学性能的影响。结果表明:原料配比一定时,KGM/PVA涂膜5min内溶解率随水温的升高而升高;在水温确定的条件下,KGM/PVA涂膜5min内溶解率随着PVA用量的增加而降低。影响涂膜水溶性的主次因素排序为PVA>KGM>山梨醇>甘油。每100mL纯水中,PVA、KGM、甘油、山梨醇用量分别为3g,0.4g,0.3mL,0.1g时涂膜综合性能最佳,在20℃左右冷水中基本不溶,而在30℃及以上温水中可溶,涂膜透光率达到93.68%,拉伸强度为16.66MPa,断裂伸长率为125.87%。Water-soluble fresh-keeping film can not only effectively delay the decay of fruits and vegetables,but also overcome the adverse effect of traditional film on quality,taste and color of fruits and vegetables,etc.In this study,konjac glucomannan(KGM)and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)were adopted as the base materials,glycerol and sorbitol as the composite plasticizers to prepare water-soluble KGM/PVA film.The effects of raw material composition on the water solubility,optical and mechanical properties of the prepared KGM/PVA film were studied.The results showed that for a given raw material composition,the 5min dissolution rate of the KGM/PVA film increased with the increase of water temperature.At a given water temperature,the 5min dissolution rate of KGM/PVA film decreased with the increase of PVA content.The influence of the raw material composition on the water solubility of the prepared KGM/PVA film was decreased by the order of PVA>KGM>sorbitol>glycerol.The KGM/PVA film with composition of PVA,KGM,glycerin and sorbitol of 3g,0.4g,0.3mL and 0.1g in 100mL of pure water,respectively,showed the best comprehensive performance.The optimal KGM/PVA film was basically insoluble in water at 20℃while soluble in water above 30℃.The light transmittance,tensile strength and the elongation at broken of the optimal KGM/PVA film was 93.68%,16.66MPa,and 125.87%,respectively.

关 键 词：魔芋葡甘聚糖 聚乙烯醇 水溶性 透光率 拉伸性能 保鲜涂膜 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] TQ325.9[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]