基于虚拟材料法的金属膜片联轴器振动传递特性分析  

Study on Vibration Transmission Characteristics of Metal Diaphragm Coupling Based on Virtual Material Method

作　　者：夏兆旺 张浩琪 张帆[3] 杨正奇 鞠福瑜 王一飞 XIA Zhaowang;ZHANG Haoqi;ZHANG Fan;YANG Zhengqi;JU Fuyu;WANG Yifei(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212003,Jiangsu,China;Key Laboratory of Thermal Energy and Power Technology,Wuhan 2nd Ship Design and Research Institute,Wuhan 430000,China;Research and Development Center,China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China;CSSC Cruise Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200137,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学能源与动力学院,江苏镇江212003 [2]武汉第二船舶设计院热能动力技术重点实验室,武汉430000 [3]中国运载火箭技术研究院研发中心,北京100076 [4]中船邮轮科技发展有限公司,上海200137

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2024年第4期90-95,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20191462);湖北省武汉市中船重工七一九研究所热能动力技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目(TPL2020A03)。

摘　　要：在对大型船舶金属联轴器进行振动性能试验时由于试验台架体积大、成本高,导致进行试验十分困难,因此研究高效率和高精度的仿真计算方法具有重要意义。传统精确的数值仿真网格多、效率低,为此采用虚拟材料法对船舶金属联轴器进行数值仿真并进行试验验证。首先通过计算和试验得到螺栓的虚拟材料层各参数,然后对大型金属联轴器的所有螺栓连接部位进行简化建模。其次通过该方法得到金属膜片联轴器的刚度特性、模态特性、阻抗特性和振动传递特性,并与传统建模方法的计算效率进行对比。最后搭建联轴器振动性能实验台架进行验证。研究结果表明:采用虚拟材料法的联轴器振动性能仿真效率提高73.9%;四组采用虚拟材料法的联轴器膜片组件刚度与实验测得的联轴器刚度的平均误差为2.61%,与带螺栓模型测得的刚度平均误差为1.15%。金属膜片联轴器前5阶模态频率仿真与试验的平均误差为9.91%,在10~2000 Hz频带,金属膜片联轴器轴向和径向阻抗的仿真与试验的误差分别为1.9和2.8 dB,金属联轴器轴向和径向的振级落差仿真与试验的误差分别为4.69和3.41 dB。试验与仿真结果误差较小,符合工程精度要求,该方法的计算效率和准确性得到验证。It is very difficult to carry out the vibration performance test of metal couplings of large ships due to the large size and high cost of the test bench,so it is of great significance to study the corresponding simulation calculation method with high efficiency and high precision.The traditional accurate numerical simulation method has the disadvantage of many grids and low efficiency,so,in this paper,the virtual material method is used to simulate the metal coupling of the ship and test it experimentally for verification.First of all,the parameters of the virtual material layer of the bolt are obtained through calculation and test,and all the bolted joints of the large metal coupling are simplified and modeled.Then,the stiffness characteristics,modal characteristics,impedance characteristics and vibration transmission characteristics of the metal diaphragm coupling are obtained through this method,and the calculation efficiency is compared with that of the traditional modeling method.Finally,a coupling vibration performance test bench is built and the test is performed for verification.The results show that the simulation efficiency of coupling vibration performance using this virtual material method is raised by 73.9%.The average error between the stiffness of four groups of coupling diaphragm assemblies using the virtual material method and the coupling stiffness measured in the test is 2.61%.The average error of stiffness measured with the bolted model is 1.15%.The average error between the simulation and test of the modal frequencies of the first five orders of the metal diaphragm coupling is 9.91%.In the 10-2000 Hz frequency band,the errors between the simulation and test of the axial and radial impedance of the metal diaphragm coupling are 1.9 and 2.8 dB.The errors of simulation and test of axial and radial vibration level drop of the metal coupling are 4.69 and 3.41 dB.The error between the test and simulation results is small and meets the requirements of engineering accuracy,which verifies the efficienc

关 键 词：振动与波 金属膜片 联轴器 有限元分析 虚拟材料法 机械阻抗 

分 类 号：TH133.4[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]