大黄堡湿地主要经济鱼类营养成分分析与评价  

Analysis and evaluation of nutritional components of principal economic fish in Dahuangpu Wetland

作　　者：王鑫鑫 杜辉 张志华 张达娟 张树林 WANG Xin-xin;DU Hui;ZHANG Zhi-hua;ZHANG Da-juan;ZHANG Shu-lin

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300384 [2]天津市水利工程集团有限公司,天津300222

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第13期99-104,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(项目编号:22ZYCGSN00260);天津市淡水养殖产业技术体系创新团队-养殖水环境调控岗位(项目编号:ITTFRS2021000-009);天津市教委科研计划项目(项目编号:2020ZD06、2021KJ110);国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:31170442)。

摘　　要：试验旨在全面了解大黄堡湿地缓冲区池塘鱼类的营养特征,对大黄堡湿地缓冲区池塘中的鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)、细鳞斜颌鲴(Plagiognathops microlepis)肌肉中常规营养成分、矿物质含量以及其氨基酸与脂肪酸构成进行了分析。结果显示:鲢、鳙、细鳞斜颌鲴的肌肉蛋白质含量分别15.00%、15.60%和13.80%,粗脂肪含量为0.60%、0.50%和1.10%,富含人体所需的钾、钠、钙、镁、磷等常量元素及铁、锌、硒等微量元素;鲢、鳙、细鳞斜颌鲴肌肉均检出16种氨基酸,其中谷氨酸含量高,必需氨基酸分别占氨基酸总量的38.69%、38.76%和39.98%,必需氨基酸指数分别为101.90、83.88和87.18;鲢、鳙、细鳞斜颌鲴肌肉分别检出10、10、14种脂肪酸,饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸含量从大到小依次均为细鳞斜颌鲴、鲢、鳙。研究表明,大黄堡缓冲区池塘鲢、鳙、细鳞斜颌鲴是良好的蛋白质来源,氨基酸组成合理,富含矿物质和有益脂肪酸,营养价值和可食用性较高。The experiment aimed to comprehensively understand the nutritional characteristics of fish in the ponds of the Dahuangpu Wetland buffer zone.The conventional nutritional components,mineral content,as well as the amino acid and fatty acid composition in the muscles of the Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Aristichthys nobilis,and Plagiognathops microlepis from the ponds in the Dahuangpu Wetland buffer zone were analyzed.The results showed that the muscle protein content of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Aristichthys nobilis,and Plagiognathops microlepis were 15.00%,15.60%,and 13.80%,respectively,with crude fat content at 0.60%,0.50%,and 1.10%.They were rich in macro elements such as potassium,sodium,calcium,magnesium,and phosphorus required by the human body,as well as trace elements like iron,zinc,and selenium.All three species had 16 kinds of amino acids detected in their muscles,with high glutamic acid content.The essential amino acids accounted for 38.69%,38.76%,and 39.98%of the total amino acids,with essential amino acid indices of 101.90,83.88,and 87.18 respectively.Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Aristichthys nobilis,and Plagiognathops microlepis muscles were found to contain 10,10,and 14 kinds of fatty acids respectively,with the order of saturated fatty acids,monounsaturated fatty acids,and polyunsaturated fatty acids from high to low being Plagiognathops microlepis,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,and Aristichthys nobilis.The study indicates that Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Aristichthys nobilis,and Plagiognathops microlepis from the Dahuangpu buffer zone ponds are good sources of protein with a reasonable composition of amino acids,rich in minerals and beneficial fatty acids,and have high nutritional value and edibility.

关 键 词：大黄堡湿地 鲢 鳙 细鳞斜颌鲴 营养成分 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]