行政撤销判决的禁止反复效力  

Banning-Repetition-Effect of Administrative Rescissory Judgment

作　　者：谭耀淇 TAN Yao-qi(Renmin University of China Law school,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《行政法学研究》2024年第4期157-167,共11页ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW

摘　　要：就行政撤销判决而言,其一经作出,行政机关即不能以同一的事实和理由作出与原行政行为基本相同的行政行为。此种禁止反复效力不仅适用于撤销重作判决,也适用于未责令重作的撤销判决。由于此效力对行政机关的行政判断施加了相当大的限制,其范围必须得到合理厘定。在主体范围方面,禁止反复效力应当及于诉讼的当事行政机关,包括被告行政机关和作为第三人参加诉讼的行政机关。对于当事行政机关被撤销或发生职权变更等特殊情况,继续行使其职权的行政机关也应当接受禁止反复效力的拘束。在事项范围方面,禁止反复效力产生于与撤销判决之主文形成一体的判决理由。判决理由中关于行政行为的程序、事实依据、理由要素、处理方式等的判断以不同形式拘束着行政机关的重作行为。而由于法院判断行政行为合法性的基准时系行政行为作出时,原则上禁止反复效力的基准时也是行政行为的作出时,即行政行为送达相对人的时间点。Once the administrative rescissory judgment has been made,the administrative organ can⁃not,on the basis of the same facts and reasons,make an administrative act which is basically the same as the original administrative act.The banning-repetition-effect applies not only to the rescissory judgment which orders a new act,but also to the rescissory judgment which does not order a new act.Since this effect imposes considerable restrictions on the judgment of the administrative organ,its scope must be reasonably defined.In terms of subject scope,the banning-repetition-effect should apply to the administrative organs involved in the litigation,including the accused administrative organ and the administrative organ partici⁃pating in the litigation as a third party.The administrative organs that continue to exercise their powers should also be bound by the banning-repetition-effect in the special circumstances where the administrative organs involved in the litigation were revoked or their powers and functions were changed.In terms of object scope,the banning-repetition-effect arises from the decision grounds that have been incorporated in the main text of rescissory judgment.The judgment on the procedure,the factual basis,the justification,and the way of handling,etc.,in the grounds of decision bind the new administrative act in different forms.As the benchmark time for the court to judge the legality of the administrative act is the time when the adminis⁃trative act is made,the benchmark time of the banning-repetition-effect is also the time when the adminis⁃trative act is made,i.e.,the time when the administrative act reaches the relative.

关 键 词：行政撤销判决 禁止反复效力 拘束力 既判力 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学] D922.1[政治法律—法学]