中风后失语症治疗的研究进展  

Research progress in the treatment of post-stroke aphasia

作　　者：杜蓉 DU Rong(Department of the Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine,Tianjin Xiqing District Dasi Town Community Health Service Center,Tianjin 300385,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市西青区大寺镇社区卫生服务中心中西医结合科,天津300385

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2024年第6期31-35,共5页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：中风后失语症(PSA)是指因急性脑血管意外造成大脑一定区域发生损害,引发语言功能的低下或丧失,可能在口语、书面语、手势交流以及识别图片或物体等方面出现障碍。PSA是缺血性中风的主要并发症之一,据报道,急性缺血性中风患者中约21%~38%发生失语。该病严重影响患者的后期康复。目前,在临床上治疗PSA有一些积极的疗法,如:无创性脑刺激(NIBS)、言语-语言疗法(SLT)、药物治疗、计算机辅助治疗以及一些替代治疗等。这些疗法治疗PSA的主要机制包括平衡大脑两侧半球功能、血流再灌注受损区域、调节神经递质水平及重建神经通路等。本文收集近年来现代医学治疗PSA的相关文献,探讨常用的治疗法,分析这些疗法的临床有效性,总结这些疗法在实际临床应用中的不足,并对PSA的现代医学治疗发展方向进行展望,以期对临床治疗PSA提供一定的参考。Post-stroke aphasia(PSA)refers to the damage to a certain area of the brain caused by an acute cerebrovascular accident,which lead to low or loss of language function,and may encounter obstacles in oral,written,gesture communication and recognition of pictures or objects.PSA is one of the main complications of ischemic stroke.It is reported that about 21%-38%of patients with acute ischemic stroke have aphasia.The disease severely affects the patients'post-rehabilitation.At present,there are some active therapies in the treatment of PSA in clinic,such as:non-invasive brain stimulation(NIBS),speech-language therapy(SLT),drug therapy,computer assisted therapy and some alternative treatments,etc.The main mechanisms of these therapies treat PSA include balancing the functions of both hemispheres,blood flow reperfusion of areas damaged,regulating the level of neurotransmitters,reconstructing neural pathways and so on.This paper collects the relevant literatures on modern medical treatment of PSA in recent years,discussing the commonly used treatment methods,analyzing the clinical effectiveness of these therapies,summing up the disadvantages of these therapies in practical clinical application,and looking forward to the development direction of modern medical treatment of PSA,in order to provide certain reference for clinical treatment of PSA.

关 键 词：中风后失语症 语言功能 治疗 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]