市场环境下需求响应行为特性及模型研究综述  

Review on Characteristics and Models of Demand Response Behavior in Market Environment

作　　者：王珂[1] 吴峰[1] 曹若琳 姚建国 黄奇峰 李亚平 WANG Ke;WU Feng;CAO Ruolin;YAO Jianguo;HUANG Qifeng;LI Yaping(School of Electrical Engineering and Power,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;China Electric Power Research Institute(Nanjing),Nanjing 210003,China;Marketing Service Center of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210019,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学电气与动力学院,江苏省南京市210098 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司(南京),江苏省南京市210003 [3]国网江苏省电力有限公司营销服务中心,江苏省南京市210019

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2024年第15期1-14,共14页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目(5100-202218387A-2-0-ZN)。

摘　　要：研究市场环境下需求响应(DR)行为,挖掘需求侧灵活资源参与市场的真实动因和特点,有利于促进负荷侧灵活资源参与电网运行,修正和优化电力市场机制,增强新型电力系统的灵活调节能力。首先,针对市场环境下DR行为特性及模型研究进行回顾和综述,分别从欧美成熟电力市场和中国电力市场建设两个角度梳理了DR资源参与的多样化市场环境;其次,从偏好多样性、效用趋优性、行为关联性、行为博弈性、价格弹性和响应不确定性6个方面分析市场环境下需求侧灵活资源的响应行为特性;然后,结合行为经济学原理,构建了DR行为的通用数学模型,从响应机理和数据驱动两个角度梳理适应不同行为特征的市场响应行为建模方法,并进行适应性分析;最后,从社交影响、信息不充分、用户有限理性、多市场最优决策、综合DR等角度展望了后续研究方向。Studying demand response(DR)behavior in the market environment and exploring the real motivations and characteristics of demand-side flexible resources participating in the market are conducive to promoting the participation of load-side flexible resources in the operation of the power grid,correcting and optimizing the electricity market mechanism,and enhancing the flexible regulation capabilities of the new power system.Firstly,the research on DR behavior characteristics and models in the market environment is reviewed and summarized.The diversified market environment for DR resource participation is sorted out from the perspectives of mature electricity markets in Europe and United States and the construction of electricity markets in China.Secondly,the response behavior characteristics of demand-side flexible resources in the market environment are analyzed from six perspectives of preference diversity,utility optimization,behavioral correlation,behavioral game,price elasticity,and response uncertainty.Next,combining principles of behavioral economics,a universal mathematical model of DR behavior is constructed,in which the market response behavior modeling methods adapted to different behavioral characteristics are organized from the two perspectives of response mechanisms and data-driven approaches for conducting adaptability analysis.Finally,future research directions are expected from the perspectives of social impact,insufficient information,user limited rationality,optimal decisionmaking in multiple markets,and comprehensive DR.

关 键 词：电力市场 需求响应 用户偏好 行为关联 行为博弈 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]