甘蔗/花生间作对根系生理及根际土壤养分的影响  

Effects of sugarcane/peanut intercropping on root physiology and rhizosphere soil nutrients

作　　者：邱江梅 吴海宁 黄志鹏 贺梁琼 李忠[2] 钟瑞春 韩柱强 蒋菁 黎冰 唐秀梅 唐荣华 QIU Jiang-mei;WU Hai-ning;HUANG Zhi-peng;HE Liang-qiong;LI Zhong;ZHONG Rui-chun;HAN Zhu-qiang;JIANG Jing;LI Bing;TANG Xiu-mei;TANG Rong-hua(Cash Crops Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Lab,Nanning 530007,China;Hezhou University,He-zhou 542800,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室,广西南宁530007 [3]贺州学院,广西贺州542800

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2024年第4期889-896,共8页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32260544);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-13-华南区栽培);广西自然科学基金(2022GXNSFAA035492);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(2021YT053&2022YM03)。

摘　　要：为探明甘蔗/花生间作对根系生理及根际土壤养分的影响,本文设置了甘蔗单作、花生单作、甘蔗/花生间作模式,系统分析了不同种植模式下根系分泌物、根系浸提物和根际土壤养分的变化及其相关性。结果表明:间作甘蔗根系分泌的总氨基酸及根系浸提液中的总糖显著高于单作,间作花生根系分泌的总糖显著高于单作。间作甘蔗根际土壤的碱解氮(alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,AN)、有效磷(available phosphorus,AP)、速效钾(available potassium,AK)和土壤有机质(soil organic matter,SOM)显著高于单作甘蔗,间作种植显著降低了花生根际土壤的有效磷、速效钾和pH。间作和单作甘蔗的酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶差异不显著,间作花生的过氧化氢酶显著高于单作花生。根系分泌的酚酸与土壤有机质呈显著负相关,总糖与蔗糖酶呈显著正相关,氨基酸与脲酶呈显著正相关;根系浸提液中的有机酸与pH呈显著正相关,氨基酸与SOM呈显著负相关、与AK呈极显著负相关。脲酶与AK呈显著负相关,蔗糖酶与SOM呈极显著负相关。综上,甘蔗/花生间作主要影响根系分泌氨基酸、总糖和酚酸的代谢活动,且可显著提高甘蔗的土壤有效养分。In order to explore the root physiology and rhizosphere soil nutrients under the sugarcane peanut intercropping,three cropping modes were set up for sugarcane monocropping,peanut monocropping,and intercropping of sugarcane and peanut.The changes of root exudates,root extracts and rhizosphere soil nutrients under different cropping modes and their correlations were systematically analyzed.The results showed that the total amino acid in intercropping sugarcane root exudates and the total sugar in intercropping sugarcane root extract were significantly higher than that of monocropping sugarcane,while only the total sugar in intercropping peanut root extract was significantly higher than that in monocropping peanut.The alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,and soil organic matter in the rhizosphere soil of intercropping sugarcane were significantly higher than those of monocropping sugarcane,while the available phosphorus and available potassium and pH in the rhizosphere soil of intercropping peanut were significantly lower than those of monocropping peanut.There was no significant different in acid phosphatase,catalase,urease,and saccharase between intercropping and monocropping sugarcane,while the catalase of rhizosphere soil in intercropping peanut was significantly higher than monocropping peanut.There was a significant negative correlation between phenolic acids in root exudates and soil organic matter,while a significant positive correlation between total sugar content and sucrase,and a significant positive correlation between amino acids and urease.Organic acids in root extracts were positively correlated with pH,while amino acids were negatively correlated with soil organic matter while highly negatively correlated with available potassium.Urease was negatively correlated with AK,and sucrase was highly negatively correlated with soil organic matter.In conclusion,sugarcane/peanut intercropping system mainly affected the metabolic activity of root secreted amino acids,total sugars,

关 键 词：间作系统 根系分泌物 根系浸提物 土壤养分 土壤酶 

分 类 号：S56[农业科学—作物学]