观光木不同部位挥发油化学成分气相色谱-质谱联用分析  

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Volatile Oil from Different Parts of Tsoongiodendron odorum

作　　者：杨嘉凌 覃永华 覃静婷 刘世男[3] 刘莉 YANG Jialing;QIN Yonghua;QIN Jingting;LIU Shinan;LIU Li(Nanning Arboretum,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning,Guangxi 530032,China;Guangxi Forest Inventory and Planning Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530011,China;College of Forestry,Guangxi University/Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory for Cultivation and Utilization of Subtropical Forest Plantation,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区南宁树木园,广西南宁530032 [2]广西壮族自治区林业勘测设计院,广西南宁530011 [3]广西大学林学院/广西高校亚热带人工林培育与利用重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2024年第5期84-93,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：广西林业科技项目(桂林科研[2022ZC]第66号;桂林科研[2022ZC]第71号)。

摘　　要：为研究观光木果壳、假种皮、种子和叶片4个部位的化学成分组成、相对含量及差异,挖掘其树种的利用价值,为其开发利用提供理论依据。采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取观光木不同部位的挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用(Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,GC-MS)技术分析其挥发油的化学成分,并通过主成分分析其挥发性成分。结果显示,观光木各部位挥发油成分及含量存在较大差异,从4个部位挥发油共鉴定出172种成分,包括醇类16种,醚类2种、酯类15种、醛类9种、酸类3种、酮类14种、烷烃类25种、烯烃类74种、其他类14种;观光木4个部位共有成分有7种,且不同部位的挥发油均有独特的成分,其中果壳72种,假种皮14种,种子2种,叶片14种。对29种主要物质进行主成分分析,提取了3个主成分,累计方差贡献率为100%,其中白菖烯与第1主成分呈高度负相关,苯基乙醇、(1S)-3-蒈烯、邻-异丙基苯、α-罗勒烯、β-榄香烯与第1主成分呈高度正相关,香松烯与第2主成分呈高度正相关;第3主成分的贡献率为23.097%,其中异松油烯呈高度负相关,这些物质是影响观光木挥发油的关键性成分。在8种高度相关性的物质中,烯烃类物质占有6种。综上认为,烯烃类物质是观光木不同部位的主要成分,可为其资源综合利用提供理论基础。To study the chemical composition,relative content,and differences of four different parts of the fruit shell,aril,seed,and leaf of Tsoongiodendron odorum,to explore the use value of its tree species,and to provide a theoretical basis for its development and utilization,the volatile oil from different parts of T.odorum was extracted by steam distillation.The chemical constituents of volatile oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and the volatile components were analyzed by principal component analysis.The results showed significant differences in the composition and content of volatile oils in different parts of T.odorum.One hundred and seventy-two components were identified from the four parts of volatile oils,including 16 alcohols,two ethers,15 esters,nine aldehydes,three acids,14 ketones,25 alkanes,74 olefins,and 14 other types.There are seven identical components in T.odorum,and the volatile oils in different parts have unique components,including 72 kinds of fruit shells,14 kinds of arils,two kinds of seeds,and 14 kinds of leaves.Principal component analysis of 29 main substances was carried out,and three principal components were extracted,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 100%.(+)-Calarene was strongly negatively correlated with the first principal component.Phenylethyl alcohol,(1S)-(+)-3-carene,o-cymol,alpha-ocimene,and beta-elemene were strongly positively correlated with the first principal component.Cedrene was also highly positively correlated with the second principal component.The contribution rate of the third principal component was 23.097%,of which terpinolene was highly negatively correlated.These substances are the key components affecting the volatile oil of T.odorum.Among the eight highly correlated substances,six are olefins.In summary,olefins are the main components of different parts of T.odorum,which can provide a theoretical basis for its comprehensive utilization of resources.

关 键 词：观光木 挥发油 气相色谱-质谱联用 化学成分 

分 类 号：S713[农业科学—林学]