茂名油页岩废弃尾矿生态修复年限和树种的影响研究  

Studies on the Influence of Tree Species and Ecological Restoration Period on Waste Tailings of Oil Shale in Maoming

作　　者：张小倩 罗先真 张玲玲[1] 王淑 温达志[1,2] ZHANG Xiaoqian;LUO Xianzhen;ZHANG Lingling;WANG Shu;WEN Dazhi(Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystem,South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,中国科学院退化生态系统植被恢复与管理重点实验室,广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2024年第4期511-519,共9页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项项目(GML2019ZD0408)资助。

摘　　要：以不同修复年限的2块油页岩尾矿废弃地上生长的优势树种大叶相思(Acacia auriculiformis)和尾叶桉(Eucalyptus urophylla)及其根区土壤为对象,探讨树种和年限对废弃地生态修复效果的影响。结果表明,经过31a修复的南排尾矿地土壤重金属污染系数为8,显著低于修复18 a北排尾矿地的12.33,表明当前南排尾矿地土壤重金属污染程度更轻。同时,南排尾矿地的大叶相思和尾叶桉叶片中重金属含量和富集系数显著高于北排尾矿地,且南排尾矿地植物对土壤中的重金属修复效果好于北排尾矿地。除尾叶桉叶片富集更多的锰外,大叶相思有更高的叶片碳含量以及锌、镉含量,表明在多种污染元素并存的油页岩尾矿修复中种植大叶相思比尾叶桉能收获更好的生态效果。大叶相思和尾叶桉都具有较强的去除油页岩尾矿中重金属等有害元素和改善土壤质量的能力,特别是在土壤贫瘠和多元素污染共存的胁迫下,大叶相思比尾叶桉表现出更强的优势。The dominant tree species Acacia auriculiformis and Eucalyptus urophylla growing on two abandoned oil shale tailings with different restoration years and their root zone soil were used as objects,the influences of tree species and restoration years on the ecological restoration effect of waste lands were studied.The results showed that the heavy metal pollution coefficient of soil in the southern tailing mine after 31 years of restoration was 8,which was significantly lower than the 12.33 of the north tailing mine after 18 years of restoration,indicating that the current heavy metal pollution degree of soil in the southern tailing mine was lighter.The heavy metal concentration and enrichment coefficient in leaves of A.auriculiformis and E.urophylla in the southern tailing mine were significantly higher than those in the northern tailing mine,and the remediation effect of trees in the southern tailing mine was better than that in the northern tailing mine.In addition to the more manganese enrichment in E.urophylla leaves,A.auriculiformis leaves had higher concentration of carbon,zinc,and cadmium,suggesting that A.auriculiformis planted in oil shale tailing remediation with multiple pollution elements could achieve better ecological effects than E.urophylla.Therefore,both A.auriculiformis and E.urophylla had strong ability to remove heavy metals and other harmful elements from oil shale tailings and improve soil quality,and especially A.auriculiformis showed more advantages than E.urophylla under the coexisted stresses of site poverty and multi-element pollution.

关 键 词：油页岩尾矿废弃地 重金属 植物修复 大叶相思 尾叶桉 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]