中国美学本土话语的科学化建构和阐释  

Scientific Construction and Interpretation of Chinese NativeAesthetic Discourse

作　　者：赵耀[1] 李志宏[1] Zhao Yao;Li Zhihong(Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《学术论坛》2024年第3期66-76,共11页Academic Forum

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“马克思主义哲学视域下的神经美学问题研究及启示”(21YJA751012)。

摘　　要：中国的科学化美学研究已经形成了中国美学的本土话语,对审美活动的内在机理作出不同于西方传统本体论美学的新阐释:事物的外形与事物本身及其内在价值之间、事物内在价值与人的需要和情感之间具有天然的联系。这种情形内化在人脑认知神经系统中的表现是:对事物外形的知觉构成了知觉中枢,对事物内在价值的领悟构成了意义中枢,对事物的情感反应构成了情感中枢;当人知觉到一个对象事物时,这三个中枢在瞬间被依次激活,形成暂时神经反应连接链。这一神经反应连接链的特定性和稳定性使之成为与某一事物相对应的功能性认知模块。在认知模块已然构成的前提条件下,人再遇到与此认知模块相匹配的事物,就能直觉性地形成认知和情感。当人处于没有急切利害性需求状态时,就不关注事物的内在价值,因而意义中枢不被高度激活;但知觉中枢和情感中枢仍可被高度激活,从而形成二者间的直接关联,构成新型的、可审美的认知模块。其外在表现就是事物外形直接引发了愉快情感。这时的情感不与利害性需求相关联,被称为无利害的美感。引发美感的对象事物因此被称为美的。这一理论建立在马克思主义哲学及“人的本质力量对象化”论述的基础之上,是人的本质力量在审美生命结构方面的具体表现,可有效地对康德美论及文艺的功利与非功利等现实理论问题作出科学化分析。The scientific aesthetic research in China has formed the native discourse of Chinese aesthetics and made a new interpretation of the internal mechanism of aesthetic activities,which is different from the traditional ontological aesthetics in the West:there is a natural connection between the appearance of object and the object itself as well as its intrinsic value,between the intrinsic value of object and human needs and emotions.This situation is manifested in the cognitive nervous system of human brain as follows:the perception of the appearance of object constitutes the perception center,the understanding of the intrinsic value of object constitutes the meaning center,and the emotional response to the object constitutes the emotional center;when a person perceives an object,these three centers are immediately activated one after another to form a temporary neural response connection chain.The uniqueness and stability of this neural response connection chain make it a functional cognitive module corresponding to a certain object.Under the premise that the cognitive module has been formed,people can intuitively arouse the cognition and emotion when they encounter the object that matches such a cognitive module.When people are not in urgent need of interest,they will pay less attention to the intrinsic value of an object.As a result,the meaning center is not highly activated,but the perceptual center and the emotional center can still be highly activated and thus form a direct correlation between the two,constituting a new and aesthetic cognitive module.Its external manifestation is that the appearance of object can directly bring pleasant feeling.Under this circumstance,the emotion is not related to the need of interest and is called the aesthetic of disinterest.The object arousing the esthetic is therefore called esthetics.Based on Marxist philosophy and the objectification of human essential power,this theory is a concrete expression of human essential power in the aesthetic life structure,and it can effectiv

关 键 词：中国美学本土话语 科学化美学 认知论路径 认知神经美学 

分 类 号：B83-0[哲学宗教—美学]