基于Vpython的黏滞阻力作用下的物体运动仿真模拟  

Simulation of object motion under viscous resistance based on VPython

作　　者：曲浩然 刘玉颖[2] 赵志超 赵云 何志巍[3] QU Hao-ran;LIU Yv-ying;ZHAO Zhi-chao;ZHAO Yun;HE Zhi-wei(College of engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Physics,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Undergraduate School,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院机械工程系,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学理学院应用物理系,北京100083 [3]中国农业大学本科生院,北京100083

出　　处：《大学物理》2024年第7期63-68,84,共7页College Physics

基　　金：北京高等教育本科教学改革创新项目(202010019004)资助。

摘　　要：大学物理教学中,黏滞阻力和终极速度是牛顿运动定律应用中很重要的概念内容.本文中我们首先对黏滞阻力和终极速度知识点进行比较与分析,进而应用Vpython软件对黏滞阻力作用下多种物体(蒲公英的种子、篮球、神舟飞船)的运动进行了仿真模拟;有趣的是,在恒定质量基础上,我们还研究了变质量物体在黏滞阻力作用下的运动,例如对空中下落的质量不断变化的雨滴进行了理论分析和仿真模拟,结果表明:变质量的雨滴会趋近于一个终极速度,雨滴的半径大小不同、终极速度也不同;仿真模拟深化了对课本知识的理解.During college physics teaching,viscous resistance and terminal speed are very important concepts in applying the Newton’s laws.In this paper,we compare and analyze the knowledge points of viscous resistance and terminal velocity,and simulate the motion of objects which experienced viscous resistance by VPython software,such as dandelion seeds,basketball,and the Shenzhou spaceship.Most interestingly,based on the constant mass of object,we also study and simulate the falling motion of raindrop of varying mass with the effect of viscous resistance.The results indicate that the raindrop will approach its terminal speed which is relative to the radius of raindrop.The simulation deepens the understanding of textbook knowledge.

关 键 词：黏滞阻力 终极速度 牛顿第二定律 Vpython 

分 类 号：O411-3[理学—理论物理]