小麦茎秆性状的转录组测序及全基因组关联分析  

Transcriptome sequencing and genome-wide association study of wheat stem traits

作　　者：禹海龙 吴文雪 裴星旭 刘晓宇 邓跟望 李西臣 甄士聪 望俊森 赵永涛 许海霞[1] 程西永[1] 詹克慧[1] YU Hai-Long;WU Wen-Xue;PEI Xing-Xu;LIU Xiao-Yu;DENG Gen-Wang;LI Xi-Chen;ZHEN Shi-Cong;WANG Jun-Sen;ZHAO Yong-Tao;XU Hai-Xia;CHENG Xi-Yong;ZHAN Ke-Hui(Agronomy College of Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;Henan Huaguan Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Luyi 477200,Henan,China;Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luohe 46200,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南华冠种业有限公司,河南鹿邑477200 [3]漯河市农业科学院,河南漯河462000

出　　处：《作物学报》2024年第9期2187-2206,共20页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：2023年度河南省重点研发专项(231111110700);2022年度河南省重大科技专项(221100110300)资助。

摘　　要：小麦的茎秆性状与倒伏紧密相关,发掘其显著关联的基因位点和候选基因,为解析小麦茎秆性状的遗传机制和分子标记辅助育种提供依据。本研究以黄淮南部地区的192份小麦品种为材料,利用小麦660KSNP芯片对7个环境成熟期和4个环境灌浆中期的14个茎秆性状进行了全基因组关联分析(GWAS),同时利用RNA-seq分析了基部前二节间强度和直径的差异表达基因。结果表明,所有性状的成熟期与灌浆中期的差异均达到极显著水平。与灌浆中期相比,成熟期的重心高度增幅较大,基部第二和第三节间长度增加,其他性状均降低。GWAS共检测出163个与茎秆性状相关的稳定SNP标记(MTA),其中45个具有基因或蛋白注释,与转录组联合分析,共筛选到3个与小麦茎秆性状相关的候选基因。推测候选基因TraesCS5A02G522100通过合成异戊二酸类化合物调节小麦的光合作用以及通过调节固醇的生成提高细胞膜的稳定性和渗透性,进而促进茎秆的发育,改善茎秆性状。候选基因TraesCS1D02G390600直接参与小麦茎秆细胞分裂和器官的形成,使茎秆变粗,充实度增加。候选基因TraesCS7A02G481800在小麦中通过参与细胞间的信号传递过程,调控茎秆的发育、应激响应等过程。这些候选基因通过qRT-PCR验证,其基因的表达趋势与转录组测序所得结果基本一致。Stem traits in wheat are closely associated with lodging,and the identification of significantly linked gene loci and candidate genes provides a foundation for analyzing the genetic mechanism and molecular marker-assisted breeding of wheat stem traits.In this study,a panel of 192 wheat varieties from the southern Huang-Huai region was utilized to assess 14 stem traits across seven mature stage environments and four mid-filling stage environments.Genome-wide association analysis(GWAS)was conducted using wheat 660K SNP chips,and the differentially expressed genes related to the strength and diameter of the first two basal internodes were analyzed through RNA-seq.The results revealed a substantial difference between the mature stage and the mid-filling stage for all traits.In comparison to the mid-filling stage,the height of the gravity center significantly increased during the mature stage,while the length of the second and third internodes at the base showed an increase,and the other traits exhibited a decrease.GWAS detected a total of 163 stable SNPs(MTA),out of which 45 had gene or protein annotations.Combining GWAS and transcriptome analysis,three candidate genes associated with wheat stem traits were identified.The candidate gene TraesCS5A02G522100 may regulate photosynthesis by synthesizing isoglutaric acid compounds,thereby enhancing cell mem-brane stability and permeability through sterol production.This regulation,in turn,promotes stem development and improves stem characteristics.The candidate gene TraesCS1D02G390600 is directly involved in cell division and organ formation in the wheat stem,resulting in thicker and fuller stems.The candidate gene TraesCS7A02G481800 plays a role in cell-to-cell signaling,regulation of stem development,and stress response.The expression trends of these candidate genes were consistent with the re-sults of transcriptome sequencing,as validated by qRT-PCR.

关 键 词：小麦 茎秆性状 转录组测序 全基因组关联分析 黄淮南部地区 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]