老年人植物性饮食与抑郁症状的差异分析  

Difference analysis of plant-based diet and depressive symptoms in the elderly

作　　者：许浩 XU Hao(The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215006,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属第一医院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第15期2754-2758,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析我国老年人饮食结构与抑郁症状况的相关性,同时探讨不同肥胖状况下老年人摄入植物性饮食对抑郁症状的影响差异。方法基于中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)数据,采用植物性饮食指数(plant-based diet index,PDI)、健康的植物性饮食指数(healthy plant-based diet index,HPDI)和不太健康的植物性饮食指数(unhealthy plant-based diet index,UPDI),分别按五分位数分为Q1~Q5组来描述老年人饮食情况。运用二分类logistic回归模型和夏普利值分析不同肥胖状态老年人群摄入植物性饮食对抑郁症状的影响因素及其差异。结果PDI对老年人抑郁症状有显著影响,Q2(OR=0.859,95%CI:0.755~0.978)、Q3(OR=0.728,95%CI:0.627~0.846)、Q4(OR=0.775,95%CI:0.675~0.889)和Q5组(OR=0.561,95%CI:0.487~0.646)抑郁症状风险降低至Q1组的85.9%、72.8%、77.5%、56.1%。UPDI对老年人抑郁症状有显著影响,Q4(OR=1.18,95%CI:1.022~1.362)和Q5组(OR=1.482,95%CI:1.287~1.705)抑郁症状风险增加至Q1组的118.0%、148.2%。HPDI对老年人抑郁症状有显著影响,Q3(OR=0.784,95%CI:0.687~0.895)、Q4(OR=0.722,95%CI:0.629~0.829)和Q5组(OR=0.614,95%CI:0.531~0.709)抑郁症状风险降低至Q1组的78.4%、72.2%、61.4%。结论增加健康的植物性饮食摄入量能预防和改善老年人抑郁症状,建议老年人群在日常饮食中多食用新鲜水果、新鲜蔬菜、植物油脂和豆类,同时增加蛋类食物摄入以预防抑郁症状风险。Objective To analyze the correlation between the dietary structure of the elderly in China and their depressive symptoms,and to explore the differential impact of plant-based diet intake on depressive symptoms among elderly individuals with different obesity status.Methods Based on the data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS),the Plant-based Diet Index(PDI),Healthy Plant-based Diet Index(HPDI),and Unhealthy Plant-based Diet Index(UPDI)were used to describe the dietary patterns of the elderly,with participants categorized into Q1-Q5 based on quintiles.Binary logistic regression models and Sharpe ratio analysis were used to determine the influencing factors and differences in the impact of plant-based diet intake on depressive symptoms among elderly individuals with different obesity statuses.Results The PDI had a significant impact on the depressive symptoms of the elderly.The risk of depressive symptoms decreased by 85.9%,72.8%,77.5%,and 56.1%in Q2,Q3,Q4,and Q5,respectively,compared to Q1.The UPDI also had a significant impact,with the risk of depressive symptoms increasing by 118.0%and 148.2%in Q4 and Q5,respectively,compared to Q1.Similarly,the HPDI had a significant impact,with the risk of depressive symptoms decreasing by 78.4%,72.2%,and 61.4%in Q3,Q4,and Q5,respectively,compared to Q1.Conclusion Increased intake of a healthy plant-based diet can prevent and improve depressive symptoms in the elderly.It is recommended that the elderly consume more fresh fruits,fresh vegetables,plant oils,and legumes in their daily diet,while also increasing the intake of egg-based foods to prevent the risk of depressive symptoms.

关 键 词：植物性饮食 抑郁 中心性肥胖 夏普利值 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]