论时态与限定范畴——以监利赣语的句末词“在”为例  

On Tense and Finiteness: Evidence from the Sentence Final Particle ts h 31 in Jianli Gan Dialect

作　　者：刘鸿勇[1] LIU Hongyong

机构地区：[1]澳门大学人文学院中国语言文学系,中国999078

出　　处：《汉语学报》2024年第3期85-95,共11页Chinese Linguistics

摘　　要：湖北监利赣语的句末词“在”只能出现在表示静态持续意义的句子中。这些句子必须是根句或是带有时间状语的关系子句,不能出现在非限定子句中。句末“在”对谓语动词有两方面的语义要求。首先,谓语动词必须是自主动词;其次,谓语表达的情景体必须是静态的、持续的、无终结点的。监利赣语的句末“在”既不是句末语气助词,也不是句末体貌助词,它是限定范畴的标记,具有说话者属性,可以通过引入说话者来锚定说话时间,帮助句子获得时间解读。The sentence final particle(SFP)ts h 31 in Jianli Gan dialect can only occur in clauses expressing stative and durative meaning,which are root clauses or relative clauses with time adverbials,but not non-finite clauses.For a sentence with the SFP ts h 31,its main verb must be volitional,and the situational aspect of the sentence must be stative,durative,and atelic.The SFP ts h 31 in Jianli Gan dialect cannot be analyzed as a declarative mood marker or an aspect marker.It is a finiteness marker with speaker-oriented properties,whose function is to help anchor the tense of the clause.

关 键 词：时态 限定范畴 监利赣语 句末词 

分 类 号：H175[语言文字—汉语]