认知语法框架下汉英动作动词的名物化对比研究  

A contrastive study of nominalization of action verbs in English and Chinese from a cognitive grammar perspective

作　　者：高嘉诚 GAO Jiacheng(Shanghai Jirui Medical Technology Co.,Shanghai 201702,China)

机构地区：[1]上海极睿医疗科技有限公司

出　　处：《外文研究》2024年第3期24-30,106,共8页Foreign Studies

摘　　要：现代汉语的单音节动词是动词范畴的典型成员。语法学界关于汉语词类研究中一个共识是,单音节动词无法发生名物化。在认知语法框架内基于真实语料的考察表明,作为单音节动词典型成员的动作动词可以发生名物化。其名物化的形符频次和类符频次均低于英语中的动作动词,固化程度上也低于英语,因此受到学界忽视。但是,两者之间的差别是程度性的,而非本质差别。汉语动作动词的名物化频次较低的原因在于动量词被广泛作为一种指称事件的策略。英语缺乏动量词,因此依赖名物化作为指称事件的策略。A consensus in previous research on word classes in Chinese is that monosyllabic verbs,as prototypical members of the verb category,cannot be nominalized.However,a study based on data from real language use from the perspective of Cognitive Grammar reveals that monosyllabic action verbs in Chinese can be nominalized in several types of constructions.This fact has been ignored in previous studies because nominalization of action verbs in Chinese is less common than that of their counterparts in English in both type frequency and token frequency.However,this difference between the two languages is a matter of degree rather than a qualitative one.The reason of the low frequency of nominalization of action verbs in Chinese is that verbal classifiers are generally employed as a referential strategy for events.By contrast,English,lacking in verbal classifiers,relies on the strategy of nominalization to refer to events.

关 键 词：名物化 事件名词 动作名词 认知语法 固化 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]